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Tex's Chem Vocab

Chemistry

QuestionAnswer
Law of Conservation of Mass Nothing is ever created or destroyed, only changed. Products always = Reactants
Physical Change Physical changes are changes affecting the form of a chemical substance, but do not change the chemical composition of that substance. A physical change involves a change in physical properties - melting, transition to a gas, texture change, shape, size
Chemical Change Chemical changes occur when a substance combines with another to form a new substance •Explosion of fireworks •Tarnishing silver •Lighting a match •Frying egg •Rusting nail
Element Elements are chemically the simplest substances and hence cannot be broken down further using chemical methods
Chemical Formula A chemical formula or molecular formula is a way of expressing information about the atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound The sugar molecule glucose has six carbon atoms, twelve hydrogen atoms and six oxygen atoms: C6H12O6.
Element (diatomic) molecule Diatomic molecules are molecules composed only of two atoms, of either the same or different chemical elements. Common diatomic molecules are hydrogen (H2), nitrogen (N2), oxygen (O2), and carbon monoxide (CO).
Compound Molecule A compound is a molecule that contains at least two different elements. All compounds are molecules but not all molecules are compounds. Water (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) are compounds
Chemical Equation A chemical equation is the symbolic representation of a chemical reaction where the reactant entities are given on the left hand side and the product entities on the right hand side. the formula for the burning of methane: CH4+ 2 O2 CO2+ 2 H2O
Chemical Reaction A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. when a match burns *when you burn a paper *when you cook rice
Reactants (in a chemical equation) In a chemical equation the reactants are located on the LEFT side of the equation.
Products (in a chemical equation) In a chemical equation the products are located on the RIGHT side of the equation.
Coefficient (in a chemical equation) coefficients next to the symbols and formulae of entities are the absolute values of the stoichiometric numbers. 2*H2+O2-->*2*H2O [combustion of hydrogen, forming water] The numbers surrounded by asterisks are coefficients
Subscript (in a chemical equation) The subscripts tell you how many atoms of each element are in the equation. For instance, sulfuric acid has the molecular formula H2SO4; this means that it contains: 2 atoms of hydrogen (H) 1 atom of sulfur (S) 4 atoms of oxygen (O)
Ionic Compound Ionic compounds are basically defined as being compounds where two or more ions are held next to each other by electrical attraction. One of the ions has a positive charge (called a "cation") and the other has a negative charge ("anion").
Covalent Compound A covalent bond is a form of chemical bonding that is characterized by the sharing of pairs of electrons between atoms.
Metallic Compound A metallic compound is a compound that contains one or more metal elements. Examples: AgNO3 - Silver nitrate is a metallic compound
Synthesis A synthesis reaction or direct combination reaction is one of the most common types of chemical reactions. Two or more chemical species combine to form a more complex product. A + B → AB The combination of iron and sulfur to form iron (II) sulfide
Decomposition Chemical decomposition is the separation of a chemical compound into elements or simpler compounds. It is sometimes defined as the exact opposite of a chemical synthesis and is is often an undesired chemical reaction.
Single Replacement A chemical reaction in which an element replaces one element in a compound. example: oxidation forms rust on cars
Double Replacement A chemical reaction between compounds in which the elements in the reactants recombine to form two different compounds, each of the products having one element from each of the reactants
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Created by: L0402809
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