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Chem 111- Unit 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| DeBroglie's wave-particule duality | electrons have wave-like motion, -> only certain allowable frequencies and energies |
| as mass ___, wavelength ____ | (DeBroglie) increases, decreases |
| The uncertainty principle | it is impossible to know the exact position and momentum of a particle simultaneously |
| if uncertainty is >___, then ____ | 1x10^-9, we have no idea where the electron is |
| principle quantum number (n) | (size) positive integers |
| angular momentum (l) | (shape) **subshell -> 1, n-1 |
| s subshell | 0, circular |
| p subshell | 1, two lobes |
| d subshell | 3, 4 lobes |
| f subshell | 4, 8 lobes |
| magnetic quantum number (m(sub)l) | (orientation) -l, 0, l |
| electron spin quantum number (m(sub)s) | can be +1/2 or -1/2 |
| nuclear charge | higher nuclear charge= increases nucleus-electron interactions **lowers energy of the sublevel |
| shielding | electron-electron repulsions counteract nuclear attraction **raises energy |
| Zeff | effective nuclear charge- the net positive charge experienced by an electron |
| penetration | certain shells allow electrons to get closer to the nucleus than others |
| Hunn's rule | electrons prefer unoccupied orbitals before filling occupied ones |
| Pauli exclusion principle | no 2 electrons can share the same quantum numbers |
| larger atom trend | down, to the left |
| two electron configuration exceptions | Cr: [Ar] 4s1 3d5 Ag: [Kr] 5s1 4d10 |
| main group valence electrons | electrons with the highest n value |
| transition metal valence electrons | highest n value + d-electrons |
| ionization energy | the energy required to remove an electron from an atom |
| ionization energy trend | top, to the right |
| transition metal ionization | comes out of s subshell first! (then d) |
| cations (size) | smaller than parent atom |
| anions (size) | larger than parent atom |
| isoelectronic | same electron configuration |
| binary ionic compound (naming) | cation+anion(ide) |
| transition metal ionic compound (naming) | transmetal+charge+anion(ide) |
| "higher" electron affinity | most negative (top right) |
Created by:
melaniebeale
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