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Chpt 6
chapter 6 chemistry
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Mendeleev arranged the elements in his periodic table in order of increasing ___________ _________ | atomic mass |
| In the modern periodic table, elements are arranged in order of increasing ________ _________. | atomic number |
| the number of periods in the periodic table | 7 |
| three classes of elements | metals, nonmetals, metalloids |
| _______________ are good conductors of electricity and heat | metals |
| ________________ have a luster or shine | metals |
| ________________ are malleable | metals |
| ___________________ are solids at room temperature | metals |
| ________________are poor conductors of electricity | nonmetals |
| _________________ are brittle (easily broken) | nonmetals |
| _________________________ most are gases at room temperature | nonmetals |
| ___________________ are elements that have properties that are similar to those of metals and nonmetals | metalloid |
| _____________ are the elements found in group 1A | alkali metals |
| _______________ are the elements found in group2A | alkaline metals |
| ________________ are the elements found in group 7A | halogens |
| group 8a are called the _________ ______ | noble gases |
| these elements are sometimes called the inert gases | noble gases |
| in these elements, the s and p sublevels are completely filled with electrons | noble gases |
| in this elements, the s and p sublevels are not completely filled | representative elements |
| one half the distance between the nuclei of two the distance between two nuclei of the same element when the atoms are joined | atomic radius |
| in general, the atomic size ___________ from top to bottom with a group and __________ from left to right across a period. | increases, decreases |
| as the atomic number increases within a group, the number of ________ _______ ______ increase. | occupied energy levels |
| moving from left to right in a period, the atomic size generally _________. | decrease |
| moving from top to bottom in a group, the atomic size generally ________. | increases |
| positive and negative ions form when electrons are ________ between atoms | transferred |
| an ion with a positive charge | cation |
| an ion with a negative charge | anion |
| energy required to remove an electron from an atom | ionization energy |
| energy required to remove the first electron is the ______________ | first ionization energy |
| first ionization energy tends to ___________ from top to bottom with a group | decrease |
| for an atom, moving from left to right in a period, first ionization energy generally _________ | increase |
| for an atom, moving from top to bottom in a group, first ionization energy generally ___________. | decrease |
| _______________ are always smaller than the atoms from which they form. | cations |
| __metals/nonmetals______ ions are always larger than the atoms from which they form. | nonmetals |
| the ability of an atom of an element to attract electrons when the atom is in a compound | electronegativity |
| electronegativity __decreases/increases________ from top to bottom with a group | decreases |
| electronegativity values tend to ____increase/decrease______ from left to right across a period | increase |
| 1. elements arranged in order of increasing mass 2. elements grouped vertically by similar properties 3. left blank spaces, predicting future elements | mendeleeve periodic table |
| what is found on the periodic table that separates nonmetals from metals | staircase line |
| only metal that is a liquid | mercury |
| these elements are opaque | metals |
| d block of elements | transition metals |
| these elements generally do not react chemically with other elements | noble gases |
| the numbers above each group tells you the number of ________ ________ | valence electrons |
| a measure of how strongly a nucleus attracts its valence electrons | electron affinity |
| how many electrons do atoms seek to attain in their outermost energy level? | a full energy level would be best, but at least 8 electrons is also desirable |
| this bond is composed of anions and cations | ionic bond |
| this bond can be formed by having electrons transferred from one atom to another atom | ionic bond |
| what is a crystal structure? | geometric pattern of ions found within ionic compounds forming a crystalline structure |
| what is a diatomic molecule? | a molecule consisting of two atoms of the same element |
| this bond is formed by the sharing of electrons | covalent bond |
| which type of chemical bond produces a compound consisting of molecules | covalent bond |
| the number of electrons shared in a single covalent bond | 2 |
| the number of electrons shared in a double covalent bond | 4 |
| the number of electrons shared in a triple covalent bond | 6 |
| what does the term "delocalized electrons" mean? | valence electrons in metal atoms are free to move around forming a "sea of electrons" around positively charged ions |
| what is electronegativity? | the attraction a nucleus has on a pair of shared ions. |
| what is an alloy? | a homogeneous mixture composed of two metals |
| what is a dipole? | two or more regions within a molecule having partial negative and partial positive charge. due to one nucleus being more electronegative than the second nucleus. |
| What is a polar bond? | a bond produced by the unequal sharing of electrons between two atoms |
| what is a nonpolar bond? | a bond formed the sharing of electrons between identical atoms, or due to the symmetrical geometric arrangements of the molecule (CH4) |
| nonpolar covalent bonds have an electronegativity difference of _____________ | less than .4 |
| ionic bonds have an electronegativity difference of ______________ | greater than 1.6 |
| this type of compound has a high melting point | ionic |
| this type of compound has a brittle nature | ionic |
| this type of compound may be flammable | covalent |
| this type of compound is a nonelectrolyte | covalent |
| this type of compound is an electrolyte | ionic |
| this type of compound may be a solid, liquid or gas | covalent |
Created by:
johnwhitfield35125
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