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Texas History Pt. 1
History of Texas- HIST 2301 Exam 1
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Midland Minnie | Oldest human remains found in the state of Texas. |
Atl-atl | "Spear-thrower", a tool used leverage to create greater velocity in spear-throwing. Used by Native Americans in Texas. |
Archaic Age peoples' advances | Drawings, started living in settlements, made more tools (like axes, knives, and drills), and domesticated the dog. |
Agricultural Revolution | Shift of culture from hunting-dominated to farming-dominated and stationary. Natives learned to grow the "Three Sisters," corn, beans, and squash. |
American Triad/Three Sisters | Corn (maize), beans, and squash. |
Caddo Indians location | Piney woods of East Texas and Western Louisiana. |
Caddo Indians beliefs | Believed in one god and a devil. Also lesser spirits embodied natural things and ancestors. Worshipped corn, Mother Earth, rain, and fire. |
Caddo Indians lifestyle | Built large cities, were very active farmers, were friendly within tribes and often collaborated. |
Atakapa Indians location | From near the Louisiana-Texas border to present-day Galveston. |
Atakapa Indians beliefs | Humans came from oysters, believed in a great flood, sometimes ate the bodies of their enemies so that they would not survive in the afterlife. |
Atakapa Indian lifestyle | Lived as fishermen, hunters, and gatherers who never took up farming, conflicts were negotiated by cheifs. |
Karankawa Indians location | From Galveston Bay southwest to Corpus Christi Bay. |
Karankawa Indians beliefs | Believed that supernatural spirits controlled the world around them. Shamans would heal the sick. |
Karankawa Indians lifestyle | Karankawas lived in portable huts in small groups and used their canoes to raid other tribes. |
Coahuiltecan Indians location | South Texas |
Coahuiltecan Indians beliefs | Believed that supernatural spirits controlled the world around them. Shamans would heal the sick. |
Coahuiltecan Indians lifestyle | Finding food was the main concern, lived in small groups, were communal and shared all possessions. |
Jumano Indians location | New Mexico and West Texas |
Jumano Indians lifestyle | Relied heavily on buffalo, tattoed their entire bodies and had ritual dancing. |
Plains Indians use of the buffalo | Plains Indians followed the buffalo and adapted all their needs to be fit by the buffalo. They ate the meat, made tools from the bones and made blankets from the hides. |
Kiowa Indians location | West Texas |
Kiowa Indians beliefs | Believed in one God who created everything except Kiowa Indians, whom he released from a tree. |
Kiowa Indians lifestyle | Kiowas followed the buffalo herds around the plains. They had a school for children, and all respected their elders. |
Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca | Survivor of the Narvaez expedition, who became captive of a Native American tribe and is known for his detailed accounts of the many tribes. |
Marcos de Niza | Led an expedition to present-day Sonora, mistakenly thought that the Native American City was made of gold |
Estevan | A slave of Andres Dorantes de Carranza, who later went with Marcos de Niza, and was killed by a tribe of Zuni Indians |
Francisco de Coronado | Led a Spanish expedition to find the cities of gold that had been talked about, but since that was a lie, the expedition ended in failure. |
Hernando de Soto | Led an expedition through Florida and a lot of the South, bringing disease to many tribes, but finding no gold, which made the Mexicans lose interest in trying to find more gold. |
Sieur de La Salle | Led a Frech expedition planned for the mouth of the Mississippi, missed and ended up in Texas, started Ft. St. Lous, which was later destroyed by Indians. La Salle was eventually killed by his own men on a northern expedition. |
Father Massenet and San Francisco de los Tejas | Started a mission, San Francisco de los Tejas, near the site of old Fort St. Louis |