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Chapter 5: Electron

electron configuration

QuestionAnswer
proposed that an electron is found only in specific circular paths, or orbits, around the nucleus Bohr
amount of energy required to move an electron from one energy level to another energy level. quantum
thought of as a region of space in which there is a high probability of finding an electron. atomic orbital
first energy level has how many orbitals 1
second energy level has how many orbitals 2
third energy level has how many orbitals 3
fourth energy level has how many orbitals 4
how many suborbitals does a s orbital have none
how many suborbitals does a p orbital have 3
how many suborbitals does a d orbital have 5
how many suborbitals does a f orbital have 7
how many electrons can fill the first energy level 2
how many electrons can fill the second energy level 8
how many electrons can fill the third energy level 18
how many electrons can fill the fourth energy level 32
the ways in which the electrons are arranged in various orbitals around the nuclei of atoms electron configuration
electrons occupy the orbitals of lowest energy level firsts. aufbau principle
an orbital can hold only two electrons each with a different spin pauli exclusion principle
electrons occupy orbitals in such a way that all suborbitals has one electron before entering a second one hund's rule
the height of of a wave from the crest to the resting position amplitude
the distance between one crest and the exact same spot on the next crest wavelength
the number of wave cycles passing a point in one second frequency
SI unit of cycles per second hertz
the wavelength and frequency of light are ___________ _________ to each other inversely proportional
when electrons gain energy they move into ___________________ energy levels higher
whe electrons lose energy by emitting light they return to a ___________ _____________ level lower, energy
frequencies of light emitted by an element separated into discrete lines atomic emission spectrum
when an electron has its lowest possible energy, the atom is in its __________ __________ ground state
light emitted by an electron moving from a higher to lower energy level has a frequency ___________ _____________ to the energy change of the electron directly proportional
a particle of light caring with itself a certain quantity of energy photon
states that it is impossible to know exactly both the velocity and position of an electron heisenberg uncertainty principle
what is meant by 3p^3 3 electrons in the p suborbitals of the 3rd energy level
arrange the following suborbitals in order of increasing energy: 3d, 2s, 4s, 3p 2s, 3p, 4s, 3d
how many electrons are in the 3s suborbital of magnesium 2
how many electrons are in the 3p suborbital of calcium 6
1/12 of the mass of a carbon-12 atom 1 amu
largest subatomic particle neutron
smallest subatomic particle electron
number of protons in the nucleus of an atom atomic number
total number of particles in the nucleus of an atom mass number
an atom having 12 protons has how many electrons 12
atoms of the same element that has differing number of neutron isotopes
analytic device for identifying the mass of a particle mass spectrometry
an electron that has gained enough energy to be elevated to a higher energy level excited electron
region of space where an electron is probably located orbital
dumbbell shaped orbital p
four leaf clover shaped orbital d
ball shaped orbital s
how many electrons can occupy an orbital 2
greatest number of energy levels may have 7
electrons found in the outermost energy level valence electrons
electrons involved in chemical reactions valence electrons
name a factor that determines how strongly a nucleus attracts a valance electron number of protons in the atom---greater number, greater attraction
name a second factor that determines how strongly a nucleus attracts a valence electron distance separating nucleus from electron---greater the distance, the smaller the attraction
name a third factor that determines how strongly a nucleus attracts a valence electron number of electrons located between the nucleus and the valence electron---great number of electrons, smaller the attraction
atoms combine chemically with one another by either giving, taking, or sharing electrons in order to have a full or at least 8 electrons in the outermost energy level rule of octet
a negatively charged ion anion
a positively charged ion cation
credited with the first "workable" periodic table mendeleev
rows found in the periodic table, running from left to right periods
columns found in the periodic table group, family
numbers above a family tells what number of valence electrons
numbers found before the periods tell what energy levels for atoms in that period
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