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Chapter 5: Electron
electron configuration
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| proposed that an electron is found only in specific circular paths, or orbits, around the nucleus | Bohr |
| amount of energy required to move an electron from one energy level to another energy level. | quantum |
| thought of as a region of space in which there is a high probability of finding an electron. | atomic orbital |
| first energy level has how many orbitals | 1 |
| second energy level has how many orbitals | 2 |
| third energy level has how many orbitals | 3 |
| fourth energy level has how many orbitals | 4 |
| how many suborbitals does a s orbital have | none |
| how many suborbitals does a p orbital have | 3 |
| how many suborbitals does a d orbital have | 5 |
| how many suborbitals does a f orbital have | 7 |
| how many electrons can fill the first energy level | 2 |
| how many electrons can fill the second energy level | 8 |
| how many electrons can fill the third energy level | 18 |
| how many electrons can fill the fourth energy level | 32 |
| the ways in which the electrons are arranged in various orbitals around the nuclei of atoms | electron configuration |
| electrons occupy the orbitals of lowest energy level firsts. | aufbau principle |
| an orbital can hold only two electrons each with a different spin | pauli exclusion principle |
| electrons occupy orbitals in such a way that all suborbitals has one electron before entering a second one | hund's rule |
| the height of of a wave from the crest to the resting position | amplitude |
| the distance between one crest and the exact same spot on the next crest | wavelength |
| the number of wave cycles passing a point in one second | frequency |
| SI unit of cycles per second | hertz |
| the wavelength and frequency of light are ___________ _________ to each other | inversely proportional |
| when electrons gain energy they move into ___________________ energy levels | higher |
| whe electrons lose energy by emitting light they return to a ___________ _____________ level | lower, energy |
| frequencies of light emitted by an element separated into discrete lines | atomic emission spectrum |
| when an electron has its lowest possible energy, the atom is in its __________ __________ | ground state |
| light emitted by an electron moving from a higher to lower energy level has a frequency ___________ _____________ to the energy change of the electron | directly proportional |
| a particle of light caring with itself a certain quantity of energy | photon |
| states that it is impossible to know exactly both the velocity and position of an electron | heisenberg uncertainty principle |
| what is meant by 3p^3 | 3 electrons in the p suborbitals of the 3rd energy level |
| arrange the following suborbitals in order of increasing energy: 3d, 2s, 4s, 3p | 2s, 3p, 4s, 3d |
| how many electrons are in the 3s suborbital of magnesium | 2 |
| how many electrons are in the 3p suborbital of calcium | 6 |
| 1/12 of the mass of a carbon-12 atom | 1 amu |
| largest subatomic particle | neutron |
| smallest subatomic particle | electron |
| number of protons in the nucleus of an atom | atomic number |
| total number of particles in the nucleus of an atom | mass number |
| an atom having 12 protons has how many electrons | 12 |
| atoms of the same element that has differing number of neutron | isotopes |
| analytic device for identifying the mass of a particle | mass spectrometry |
| an electron that has gained enough energy to be elevated to a higher energy level | excited electron |
| region of space where an electron is probably located | orbital |
| dumbbell shaped orbital | p |
| four leaf clover shaped orbital | d |
| ball shaped orbital | s |
| how many electrons can occupy an orbital | 2 |
| greatest number of energy levels may have | 7 |
| electrons found in the outermost energy level | valence electrons |
| electrons involved in chemical reactions | valence electrons |
| name a factor that determines how strongly a nucleus attracts a valance electron | number of protons in the atom---greater number, greater attraction |
| name a second factor that determines how strongly a nucleus attracts a valence electron | distance separating nucleus from electron---greater the distance, the smaller the attraction |
| name a third factor that determines how strongly a nucleus attracts a valence electron | number of electrons located between the nucleus and the valence electron---great number of electrons, smaller the attraction |
| atoms combine chemically with one another by either giving, taking, or sharing electrons in order to have a full or at least 8 electrons in the outermost energy level | rule of octet |
| a negatively charged ion | anion |
| a positively charged ion | cation |
| credited with the first "workable" periodic table | mendeleev |
| rows found in the periodic table, running from left to right | periods |
| columns found in the periodic table | group, family |
| numbers above a family tells what | number of valence electrons |
| numbers found before the periods tell what | energy levels for atoms in that period |
Created by:
johnwhitfield35125
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