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atms 100 first test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| main gases of the atmosphere | 78% no2 21% o2 |
| diference between weather and climate | climate is what you expect and weather is what you get |
| difference between satellites and radar | satellites- show clouds radar- shows storms and precipitation |
| doppler radar | show tha way the storm is moviing |
| how to winds blow in high pressure | clockwise |
| low pressure winds? | counter clockwise |
| what is pressure and how does it change with height | decreases with height |
| average atmospheric pressure at sea level | 14.7 lbs/in^2 |
| what is density and how does it change with height | mass/volume decreases with height |
| lapse rate | rate at which temps increase with height |
| inversion | temps increase with height |
| describe troposphere | lowest level of atmosphere where all storms occur |
| name four layers of atmosphere lowest to highest | troposphere stratosphere mesosphere thermosphere |
| temperature | average speed of molecules of a substance |
| latent heat | energy absorbed or released during phase change |
| convection | transfer of heat thru fluid flow |
| advection | transfers heat thru horizontal movements of air |
| how does sun heat lower atmosphere | heats ground convection thermals in air |
| why and how air temp of air changes as it rises and sinks | rising the air cools spreading the molecules out |
| what emits radiation | everything |
| how is wavelength related to radiation | shorter length more energy |
| what controls the mount of radiation an object emits? earth emits what kind of waves?/ sun? | temperature long waves short waves |
| how does absorption and emission effect temperature | if equal temp remains constant |
| albedo | measures reflectivity |
| why is the sky blue | molecules reflect blue 4x more than red |
| why are clouds white | molecules reflect all colors equally |
| what is a blackbody | emit different wavelengths |
| what regions have largest seasonal temp changes | the poles |
| when in the day is the highest temp | late afternooon |
| when is lowest temp in the day | just before sunrise |
| what factors tend to maximize nocturnal cooling | clear calm night |
| how do clouds effect the daytime? nightime? | cooler keeps heat in hotter |
| what gas is most important to daily weather | water vapor |
| what is saturation | water vapor concentration in the air at which evaporation and condensation are equal |
| vapor pressure | pressure exerted by water vapor small portion of the total pressure |
| saturation vapor pressure relation to temp | pressure that teh water vapor molecules would exert if the air were saturated with vapor at a given temp need more saturation when its hotter |
| relative humidity | amount of vapor pressure required to saturate the air at a particular temp--- vapor pressure/ required amount of vapor pressure to saturate the air |
| dew point why is it useful | the temp to which air would habe to be cooled for saturation to occur |
| best way to compare atmospheric moisture concentrations between two locations | dew point and actual temps |
| when are dew and frost most likely to form | calm nights, more IR is released |
| why is rising air crucial to cloud formation | rising becomes saturated thus forming clouds |
| coalescence | large droplets fall faster and colide with little drops |
| supercooled water | liquid water in below freezing temps |
| virga | precipitation that evaporates before it hits the ground |
| why are we hotter when its humid | harder for sweat to evap causing the cooling process to slow |
| cooling processes | evaporation |
| heating processes | condensation |
| what is hotter city or countryside? | city more heat sources |
| dew point depression | difference in temp and dewpoint at a certain elevation |
| what is relative heat and why is it hotter than the temp | combo of temp and relative humidity/ how it feels |
| what are the latin roots of clouds how do they relate | root of word describe height or thickness |
| what is wind chill and what factors into it | temp your exposed skin feels from wind temp and wind speed |
| how does doppler radar work | sends out waves and waves come back at a different wavelength and from the difference in wavelengths one can calculate the velocity of the system |
| supersaturated | relative humidity greater than 100% |
| instrument that measures humidity | psychrometry |
| how does temp effect air density | warm air more prone to rise cold air more prone to sink |
Created by:
jgilbert2334