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Chem Chap 4 - Sec 1
The Development of a New Atomic Model
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A form of energy that exhibits wavelike behavior as it travels through space. | electromagnetic radiation |
| All of the frequencies or wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation | electromagnetic spectrum |
| All forms of electromagnetic radiation move at a constant speed of | 3.00 x 10 to the 8th power m/s through a vacuum and a slightl slower speed through matter |
| The distance between corresponding points on adjacent waves | Wavelength |
| What is the significant feature of wave motion | repetitive nature |
| The number of waves that pass a given point in a specific time usually one second | Frequency |
| How is frerquency expressed | waves/second |
| What is one wave/second called | hertz |
| A pioneer in the study of elecromagnetic radiation. | Heimrich Hertz |
| How can you measure a waves frequency | Observing how often the water level rises and falls at a given point |
| What is the formula for electormagnetic radiation | c=&v |
| In the electromagnetic radiation formula what does c | The speed of light |
| In the electromagnetic radiation formula what does & | The wavelength of the electomagnetic wave |
| In the electromagnetic radiation formula what does v | Frequency of the electromagnetic wave |
| Because c is the same for all electromagnetic radiation, the product &v is | a constant |
| As the wavelength of light decreases, its frequency | increases |
| the emission of electrons from a metal when light shines on the metal | photoelectric effect |
| electromagnetic radiation strikes the surface of the metal,ejecting electrons from the metal and causing an electric current. | photoelectric effect |
| Who suggested that the object emits energy in small, specific packets | Planck |
| the minimum quantity of energy that can be lost or gained by an atom | quantum of energy |
| Small specific packets of energy | Quanta |
| What does the equation E = hv represent | The relationship between a quantum of energy and the frequency of radiation. |
| In the Equation E = hv, what does E represent | Energy |
| In the Equation E = hv, what does v represent | frequency |
| In the Equation E = hv, what does h represent | fundamental physical constant known as Planck's constant |
| a particle of electromagnetic radiation having zero mass and carrying a quantum of energy | photon |
| How did Einstein explain the photoeletric effect | He proposed that electromagnetic radiation is absorbed by matter only in whole numbers of photons. |
| What has to occur for an electron to be ejected froma metal surface | the electron must be struck by a single photon possessing at least the minimum energy required to knock the electron loose |
| The lowest energy state of an atom is | ground state |
| A state in which an atom has a higher potential energy than it has in its ground state | excited state. |
| When an excited atom returns to its ground state or a lower energy excited state, it gives off | the energy it gained in the form of electromagnetic radiation |
| When a narrow beam of the emitted light was shined through a prism, it was separated into four specific colors of the visible spectrum known as | emission-line spectrum |
| The wavelengths of some of the spectral series are known as | Lyman, Balmer, and Paschen series, after their discoverers |
| the emission of a continuous range of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation | continuous spectrum |
| Attempts to explain the observation of why hydrogen atoms gave off only specific frequencies of light led to what theory | quantum theory |
| Whenever an excited hydrogen atom falls to its ground state or to a lower-energy excited state, it emits what | photon of radiation |
| When the electron falls to a lower energy level, a photon is emitted,the process is called | emission. |
| When Energy must be added to an atom in order to move an electron from a lower energy level to a higher energy level. This process is called | absorption. |
| The electron can circle the nucleus only in allowed paths or | Orbits |
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