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Civics Unit 2 Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| State of Nature | living without any laws or government |
| Natural Rights | three rights that people pursue |
| Life | people want to and will try to survive |
| Liberty | to be as free as possible |
| Property | to own things |
| Social Contract | a agreement where everyone agrees to give up some rights and freedoms to protect everyone’s rights |
| Rule of Law | The idea that all people must follow the laws and that all laws are enforced fairly |
| Self Government | People have a say in their government |
| Due Process | people have the right to fair and reasonable laws. Officials have to follow the rules when enforcing laws and treat all people in the same way. |
| Limited Government | a government that has been limited in power by a constitution, or written agreement. |
| Rights | a set of things that people believe they should be free to do without restrictions. |
| Magna Carta | This document is a contract between the government and the governed |
| Mayflower Compact | To avoid life in a state of nature, the Pilgrims made this document before they ever even got off of the boat. |
| Petition of Rights | This is the document that came about to stop the king from taxing the people without parliament’s consent, housing soldiers in people’s houses, and punishing people without giving them a trial. |
| English Bill of Rights | This document was written almost 100 years before the American Bill of Rights and has many similar rights. |
| Voltaire | Criticized Christianity and encouraged the separation of church and state |
| Montesquieu | Came up with idea of separation of powers |
| Thomas Paine | His writings encouraged colonist to rebel against England. |
| Hobbes | This thinker had a pessimistic view of humanity and believed in a strict form of government. |
| Machiavelli | Hobbes had an outlook on humanity that was similar to which other thinker? |
| Machiavelli | This thinker wrote a book called The Prince about how to get and how to keep political power. |
| Locke | This thinker had an optimistic view of humanity and thus supported a democratic form of government. |
| Government | a group of people who have the power to make and enforce laws for an area. A type of political (interest in civics) system. |
| Democracy | Government system where citizens hold power to rule and majority rules. |
| Republic | Government system where people elect representative to exercise power for them |
| Oligarchy | Rule by a small, elite group of people. |
| Autocracy | Government system ruled by one person |
| Dictator | Power is not inherited, but usually is acquired by force. The leader has absolute control over the lives of his citizens. |
| Monarchy | Rule by a king and he usually gains his power because his parents were rulers also. |
| Absolute Monarchy | King or Queen with Total Control |
| Limited Monarchy | King or queen is limited by laws. The real govt is with elected people. |
| Theocracy | A form of government in which God or a deity is recognized as the supreme civil ruler. |
| Anarchy | This is the word used for lack or absence of government. |
Created by:
courtneywaldrop