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Grammar Definitions
VBHS Junior English- Mrs. Jennings-Davis
| Word | Definition |
|---|---|
| noun | a word that names a person, a place, or a thing, or an idea |
| common noun | the general - not the particular - name of a person, a place, a thing, or an idea |
| proper noun | are capitalized |
| pronoun | a word that takes the place of a noun, of a group of words acting as a noun, or of another pronoun. |
| antecedent | the word or group of words that a pronoun refers to |
| adjective | a word that modifies a noun or a pronoun by limiting its meaning |
| verb | a word that expresses action or a state of being and is necessary to make a statement. Expresses time - present, past, and future - by using tense forms |
| linking verb | links, or joins, the subject of a sentence (often a noun or a pronoun) with a word or expression that identifies or describes the subject. |
| verb phrase | a helping verb plus an action verb |
| adverb | a word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another dverb by making its meaning more specific |
| preposition | a word that shows the relationship of a noun or a pronoun to some other word in a sentence |
| conjunction | a word that joins single words or groups of words |
| interjection | a word or phrase that expresses emotion or exclamation. Has no grammatical connection to other words. |
| sentence | a group of words that has a subject and a predicate |
| sentence fragment | an error that occurs when an incomplete sentence is punctuated as though it were a complete sentence |
| subject | the key noun or pronoun that tells what a sentence is about |
| predicate | the verb or verb phrase that expresses the essential thought about the subject of the sentence |
| direct object | answers the question what? or whom? after an action verb |
| indirect object | answers the question to whom? for whom? or to what? after an action verb. Always appears between the verb and the direct object. |
| complement | a word or group of words that completes the meaning of a verb. There are 4 kinds - direct objects, indirect objects, object complements, and subject complements |
| phrase | a group of words |
| clause | a group of words that has a subject and a predicate and that is used as a part of a sentence. |
| verbal | a verb form that functions as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb |
| participle | a verb form that can function as an adjective. |
| gerund | a verb form that ends in -ing and is used in the same way a noun is used. |
| infinitive | a verb form that is usually preceded by the word "to" and is used as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb. |
| appositive | a noun or pronoun that is placed next to another noun or pronoun to identify or give additional information about it. |
Created by:
cmcclurkin
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