In each blank, try to type in the
word that is missing. If you've
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If your not sure what answer should be entered, press the space bar and the next missing letter will be displayed. When you are all done, you should look back over all your answers and review the ones in red. These ones in red are the ones which you needed help on. Term: mechanical Definition: damage to body tissue Term: nociceptionDefinition: pain triggers chemical reactions from damage
Term: A-delta Definition: small, myelinated fibers that transmit sharp pain/ pain
Term: C-fibersDefinition: unmyelinated fibers that dull, aching pain/ secondary pain
Term: A-beta Definition: Large diameter myelinated fibres that info about vibration and position Term: SPADefinition: Stimulation-Produced Term: neurochemical of SPA effect is endogenous opioidsDefinition: Beta-endorphnis, Proenkephalin, Term: 3 types of chronic Definition: chronic benign pain, recurrent acute pain, chronic pain Term: chronic pain develop maladaptive coping strategies such asDefinition: wishful thinking, withdrawal Term: pain work with Definition: acute but not chronic Term: the triad”: Definition: MMPI profiles in which the first three scales are all elevated (Depression, Hysteria, and Hypochondriasis). Seen in neurotic individuals. Term: triad profile elevates....Definition: after the of chronic pain rather than being a precursor Term: : Definition: Inhibiting pain in one part of the body by or mildly irritating another area Term: Definition: a method of achieving control over bodily processes ; used to treat chronic disorders such as, temporomandibular joint pain, hypertension and a broad array of Term: Does work?Definition: only modest in reducing pain
Term: Does work?Definition: distinct from and activate higher-order brain regions Term: Hypnosis:Definition: one of the techniques for pain Term: has successfully controlled...Definition: irritable bowel syndrome, acute pain due to surgery, childbirth, procedures, burns, headaches and medical procedures, Cancer pain Term: Does distraction work for pain ?
Definition: is but most useful in conjunction with other techniques Term: Coping :Definition: some CBT techniques, focus on sensory of the pain sensation and not the pain itself, active coping skills, expressive writing Term: Components of pain management programs Definition: education, training and group therapy, involvement of , evaluation of pain management program
Term: Percentage change in headache pain pre to post showed:Definition: Relaxation and biofeedback -60; only -45; Relaxation only -38; placebo biofeedback -20 Term: of life includesDefinition: objective and subjective wellbeing of both physical and mental being Term: How strongly are medical measures to quality of lifeDefinition: weakly Term: Quality of life may be in a of crisis duringDefinition: acute and phases Term: Definition: can be important and in earliest stage Term: :Definition: has an impact on the overall prospects for rehabilitation or Term: :Definition: can lead patients to make decisions about their care Term: Depression is more inDefinition: patients with limitations Term: ResponsesDefinition: Hope and optimism can occur, particularly if patient feels they escaped death, Many come to reorganize their in a meaningful way such as focusing on relationships more Term: benefit finding is withDefinition: better functioning and in illness and living Term: Self- Definition: is a stable set of beliefs about one’s qualities and . Term: Self-esteemDefinition: refers to an evaluation of the self-concept as good or Term: Patients have some stressors:Definition: fear and uncertainty about the future, limitations in physical abilities, appearance, and lifestyle, pain Term: Which coping work?Definition: active coping and with positive responses Term: Somatic SyndromeDefinition: fatigue syndrome (1.4% canadians) Term: Somatic SyndromeDefinition: irritable bowel Term: Functional SyndromeDefinition: fibromyalgia (1.5% ) Term: #1 cause of ages 1-15Definition: accidents (drowning, poisoning, injuries, , motor vehicle) Term: #2 of death ages 1-15Definition: , especially leukemia Term: children (< 5 years) understand death asDefinition: associated with sleep, not as something final and Term: children 5-9 understand death asDefinition: final, but do not biological death Term: at ages 9 or 10 understand asDefinition: and inevitable Term: #1 of death ages 15-24Definition: Unintentional injury (especially car ) Term: Premature death before age of 81 usually due toDefinition: heart attach or Term: in old age is typically due to Definition: disease Term: The facotrs that decline in health areDefinition: psychosocial Term: What is a Good ?:Definition: free from avoidable suffering - 11 core Term: What is a Good ?:Definition: pain free, religiosity/spirituality, treatment , Dignity, family, positive relationship with provider, quality of life, emotional wellbeing, sense of life completion, preferences for the dying process Term: Kϋbler-Ross’s 5 of adjustment to deathDefinition: denial, anger, bargaining, , acceptance Term: Kϋbler-Ross’s 5 stages of adjustment to does not fully acknowledgeDefinition: the importance of Term: thanatologistsDefinition: those who study death and dying, suggest behavioural and cognitive-behavioural . clinical thanatology involves symbolic immortality. Term: CHD Heart DiseaseDefinition: leading cause of death Term: CHD Heart DiseaseDefinition: Disease of modernization—tied to lifestyles Term: CHD Coronary DiseaseDefinition: may be caused by inflammatory processes, high pressure, diabetes, cigarette smoking, obesity, high serum cholesterol level and low levels of physical activity Term: CHD Coronary DiseaseDefinition: Risk factors include high pressure, diabetes, stress, inactivity, high cholesterol Term: CHD Heart DiseaseDefinition: a general term referring to illnesses by atherosclerosis, the narrowing of coronary arteries, the vessels that supply the heart with blood Term: What to CDH (Coronary Heart Disease?)Definition: low in socioeconomic status (SES), chronic and acute stress have all been Term: CHD Coronary Heart Definition: leading killer of women in the Canada and most developed Term: How does menopause CHDDefinition: Higher levels of HDL when younger protects & estrogen lowers sympathetic NS Term: How does depression CHDDefinition: tied to elevated C-reactive protein (marker of ) Term: Interventions for CHD risk Definition: intervention, stop smoking programs, aerobic exercise, relaxation training, speech style interventions (to modify hostility) Term: for CHDDefinition: Beta-adrenergic blocking NS activation, Aspirin is commonly prescribed—thins blood, decreases clots. Statins—for cholesterol Term: of hypertensionDefinition: 90% is essential (unknown), 5% is by failure of the kidneys Term: Systolic blood is Definition: the force developed during contraction of the heart Term: Diastolic: Definition: is the in arteries when the heart is relaxed Term: Which has a greater value in diagnosing Definition: systolic Term: Cause of Definition: early blood pressure reactivity is a predictor.. genetic and emotional factors Term: is associated with hypertension in...Definition: Asian Canadians because traditional lifestyle harder to maintain Term: of hypertension:Definition: low-sodium diet , reduction of , weight-reduction, exercise, caffeine restriction, CBT Term: Drug for hypertensionDefinition: Diuretics – volume of blood. Beta-adrenergic blockers & vasodilators, central adrenergic inhibitors, Statins Term: "the hidden Definition: (often symptomless) Term: Definition: 3rd cause of death in Canada Term: Definition: Disturbance in blood flow to the brain and is responsible for 14,000 Canadian deaths each year Term: StrokeDefinition: occur when blood flow to localized areas in the is interrupted due to arteriosclerosis or hypertension Term: Risk for Stroke overlap withDefinition: heart Term: Risk Factors for overlap withDefinition: high blood pressure, heart , cigarette smoking, high red blood cell count and transient ischemic attacks Term: of stroke:Definition: affects all aspects of life—personal, social, vocational and physical Term: Consequences of :Definition: motor problems, cognitive problems. emotional problems, problems Term: Types of rehabilitative interventions for Definition: psychotherapy and treatment of depression, cognitive-remedial training, movement therapies, structured, stimulating environments to Term: DiabetesDefinition: chronic condition of impaired carbohydrates, protein, and fat that results from insufficient secretion of insulin or from insulin resistance Term: Diabetes increases risk Definition: Heart disease by 2-4X & failure Term: Diabetes increases risk Definition: Blindness (leading cause), blood vessel , diabetic neuropathy (nerve damage) Term: Risk factors for Definition: overweight, over 65, apple shaped, little excercise, high blood pressure, , high risk ethnic group (indigenous, black, latin, asian, pacific islander) Term: Type I Definition: insulin-dependent, abrupt onset of symptoms resulting from lack of insulin production by the beta cells of the pancreas, of viral infection, autoimmune reactions, and genetics Term: Type II Definition: Non-insulin dependent, A disorder of middle-age, striking those over age 40, major contributor, Term: Type II Diabetes are to Definition: Stress. Lack of social even more problematic
Term: Managing Type II :Definition: must reduce and carbohydrate intake, encouraged to achieve normal weight, encouraged to exercise Term: with Diabetics:Definition: cognitive-behavioural interventions to adherence to their regimen, weight control improves glycemic control, behaviour mod Term: Old knowledge about diet Definition: increase nutrition, decrease unhealthy substances (eg ), while looking at health signs like obesity, diabetes and cholesterol Term: Insulin Definition: Sugar demands pancreas to produce insulin to tame glucose levels. System starts to wear out, with age Term: The metabolic Definition: heart disease, lipid problems, , type 2 diabetes, dementia, cancer, polycystic ovarian syndrome, fatty liver disease Term: triggers the release of Definition: zonulin (controls gut ) Term: What is ?: Definition: Interactions among behavioural , and immunological process of adaptation Term: Indicators of immune :Definition: cells and antibodies, A state of Immunocompetence - immune system is effectively Term: the system of the bodyDefinition: The immune : Term: The immune :Definition: humoral and cell-mediated Term: to enhance immune functioning: Definition: Relaxation (research shows higher NK cell activity relaxation intervention) Term: The immune system may be to..Definition: stress, depression and (permanently affect the immune system in ways that persist into adulthood) Term: Autoimmune Definition: Grave’s disease, chronic active hepatitis, inflammation of the , lupus, inflammation of connective tissue, M.S. destruction of myelin sheath, rheumatoid arthritis, IBD, such as Crohns or ulcerative colitis and Type 1 diabetes Term: History of Acquired Immune Deficiency (AIDS)Definition: first appearance is unknown, in Central Africa, 1970s & spread rapidly. First diagnosed case in Canada 1982 Term: The viral agent in AIDS Definition: a retrovirus (Human immunodeficiency virus - HIV) - helper T-cells, highly variable time between contracting and developing symptoms Term: How HIV progresses:Definition: mild early symptoms - flu like 3-6 weeks - then asymptomatic period (Can be many ), immune system increasingly compromised, opportunist infections (kaposi sarcoma, gynecologic infection) Term: for HIVDefinition: highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)
- from advancing to AIDS Term: Negative about self is correlated withDefinition: decline in T cells Term: Definition: Dysfunction of DNA-part of programming that controls cell growth and reproduction Term: Why is hard to study?Definition: many cancers are species-specific, develop in ways in different species, many cancers have long/irregular growth cycles, high within-species variability Term: What leads to ?Definition: genetic basis, ethnically linked, lifestyle, SES risks, , depression, repressive coping, Term: Mechanisms linking , coping and cancer:Definition: Psychological stress ability of NK cells to destroy tumours, alterations in biological stress regulatory pathways may affect course of cancer Term: Physical limitations of Definition: pain and discomfort, down-regulation of system, fatigue Term: -related problems of cancerDefinition: cosmetic problems, surgical removal of organs, body image concerns, use of prosthesis, nausea and vomiting, immune Term: Arthritis (RA):Definition: crippling form of arthritis believed to result from an autoimmune process - small joints of hands, feet, wrists, knees, ankles and neck Term: Arthritis (RA) in those age 65+....... 50-65...... 35-49... 18-34Definition: 45%.... 27%....... 9.7%....... 2.8% Term: Treatment of Definition: , rest, supervised exercise, cognitive-behavioural interventions, enhancement of perceived self-efficacy Term: OsteoarthritisDefinition: Most common form of arthritis in Canada - 4.4 in 2010 Term: OsteoarthritisDefinition: obesity is the only modifiable risk Term: Definition: the articular cartilage (smooth of a joint) begins to crack or wear away because of overuse Term: OsteoarthritisDefinition: affects weight-bearing Term: for OsteoarthritisDefinition: keeping weight down, exercise,
Term: GoutDefinition: build-up of uric acid crystals, by diet, fluids and exercise Term: Definition: skin rash can appear on the face, leading to chronic inflammation, pain, heat, redness and Term: what to greater expectancy for pain in the future?Definition: of intensity of previous experience (versus the actual pai intensity) Term: pain Definition: facial and audible expressions, distortions in posture or gait, negative affect, avoidance of Term: Chronic painDefinition: persists longer than 6 months, intractable to (ex chronic low back pain) Term: Recurrent painDefinition: series of intermittent episodes that are acute but chronic (ex - ) Term: Chronic progressive Definition: persists than 6 months, increases in severity over time Term: subjective reports of health have been found to predict objective such as Definition: cortisol responses to stress, morbidity and Term: One of the most important parts of evaluating quality of life Definition: psychological Term: most benefits reported by myocardial infarction patients involved....... cancer patients reported changes in....Definition: lifestyle changes/health habits...... relationships & meaning of life Term: self -Definition: stable set of beliefs one's qualities and attributes Term: self Definition: general evaluation of self (feel good or bad) Term: Aspect of cancer patients find most Definition: 41% uncertainty about future, 24% , 12% pain management Term: Chronic illness sufferers use Definition: Passive coping strategies (positive focus, escape) than active (planning, problem solving, confrontative ) Term: In with chronic illness, divorce rates areDefinition: the Term: why does caregiving compromise the of a caregiver? Definition: Term: Who has a burden of diseaseDefinition: due to disproportionate burden of household responsibilities Term: A difference in done with medical patients Definition: to be episodic rather than continuous Term: A difference in psychotherapy done with patients Definition: collaboration with family and Dr. important & must have knowledge of illness and treatment Term: A difference in done with medical patients Definition: More frequently requires respect for ' defences Term: Main cause of death in CanadaDefinition: abnormalities & SIDS Term: Leading cause of death in Canadian after first yearDefinition: accidents/ causes Term: Second leading of death in Canadian children after first yearDefinition: Term: Major cause of death in Definition: accidents, automobile Term: leading cause of death in adolescenceDefinition: suicide (followed by then homicide) Term: Major cause of death in adulthoodDefinition: heart attack or Term: It is best to keep blood pressure underDefinition: 120.... consistently 140-159=hypertension Term: left stroke damage includesDefinition: communication disorders, difficulty learning new tasks, short term tasks, anxiety and depression Term: Right stroke damage includesDefinition: visual feedback problems, problems, alexithymia, indifferent emotional reaction Term: Many interventions to treatment adherence includeDefinition: increasing awareness or education/ ..... for Term: two general approaches to immune functioningDefinition: measuring numbers of different kinds of cells in the system by looking at blood samples., and assessing the functioning of immune cells |
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