| Flap 1 |
Flap 2 |
| Gram - Rods, Aerobic extracellular | Haemophilus influenzae, Bordetella pertussis, Yersinia enterocolitica, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis |
| Haemophilus influenzae: Labs | Catalase +, Oxidase -, ferments glucose (only) |
| Haemophilus influenzae: Toxins | Lipopolysaccharide endotoxin, capsule, IgA protease, Beta-lactamase |
| Haemophilus influenzae:Treatment | Ceftriaxone, Chloramphenicol, rifampin; Immediate intubation for epiglottitis |
| Haemophilus influenzae:Diseases | Pneumonia, Meningitis, Epiglottitis, Sinusitis, Otitis media, Purulent conjunctivitis |
| Haemophilus influenzae: Transmission | Respiratory droplets |
| Haemophilus influenzae: Vaccine | Hib |
| Bordetella pertussis: Labs | Oxidase +, Agglutinin reaction positive, Direct fluorescent antibody test |
| Bordetella pertussis: Toxins | Pertussis toxin , adenylate cyclase toxin, lipopolysaccharide, Capsule, Filamentous Hemaglutinin |
| Bordetella pertussis: Diseases | Whooping cough |
| Bordetella pertussis: Treatment | Erythromycin |
| Bordetella pertussis: Transmission | Respiratory droplets |
| Bordetella pertussis: Vaccine | DTaP |
| Yersinia enterocolitica: Labs | Oxidase -, Catalse +, Urease + |
| Yersinia enterocolitica: Toxins | Lipopolysaccharide, O-antigens, H-antigens; Can grown in cold conditions |
| Yersinia enterocolitica: Diseases | Enterocolitis (bloody diarrhea)/ Typhoid, Bacteremia and Sepsis; Associated with Reiter's Syndrome |
| Yersinia enterocolitica: Treatment | FEN, Gentamicin |
| Yersinia enterocolitica:Transmission | Animal reservoir; transmitted from unprocessed milk, raw meat, contaminated water |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Labs | Oxidase +; Blue/green colonies with a fruity odor |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Toxins | Exotoxin A, Exoenzyme S, Hemolysins, Lipopolysaccharide, Glycocalyx, Elastase, Multidrug Resistance factors |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Diseases | Pneumonia in the immunocompromised, Burn wound infections, Endocarditis in IV drug users, Nosocomial UTI, Bacteremia leading to septic shock, Corneal keratitis, Otitis externa (swimmer's ear) |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Treatment | Aminoglycoside + Beta-Lactam, Cefepime, Piperacillin, Aztreonam |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Transmission | Colonizes in water or wet areas |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae: Labs | Oxidase -, Lactose fermenting, Urease + |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae: Toxins | Lipopolysaccharide, Capsule, Beta-lactamase+ |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae: Diseases | Pneumonia, Nosocomial UTI, Bacteremia |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae: Treatment | 3rd generation cephalosporin plus an aminoglycoside, Cefepime |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae: Transmission | Normal colon flora, but also nosocomial transmission with in-dwelling catheters and endotracheal tubes |
| Proteus mirabilis: Labs | Oxidase -, Non-lactose fermenting, Urease + |
| Proteus mirabilis: Toxins | Lipopolysaccharide, Urease, Strong motility with flagella |
| Proteus mirabilis: Diseases | UTI, Nephrolithiasis (Struvite stones) |
| Proteus mirabilis: Treatment | Ampicillin for cystitis, Ciprofloxacin |
| Proteus mirabilis: Transmission | Normal colon flora; Nosocomial catheter infection |
