Nucleotides Word Scramble

Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.

Normal Size Small Size show me how

Nucleotides

UCI SOM Moyzis

Question	Answer
Bases	adenine, guanine, cytosine, uracil, thymine
Nucleosides	adenosine, guanosine, cytidine, uridine, thymidine
PRPP	activates first step of purine synthesis (the commited step); PRPP synthesis is inhibited by purines
Glutamine:phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate amidotransferase	first and commited step of purine synthesis
Inosine monophosphate	parent purine nucleotide
Are purines formed on their ribose	yes
Are pyrimidines formed on their ribose	no
Sulfonamides	inhibit bacterial purine synthesis by inhibiting folic acid synthesis, blocking THF formation
Methotraxate	inhibit dihydrofolate reduction to THF, blocking purine synthesis in humanstrimethoprim
Mycophenolic acid	reversible inhibitor of GMP synthesis; used to prevent graft rejection
What two amino acids are used in both purine and pyrimidine synthesis	glutamine and aspartic acid
Carbamoyl phosphate	first product in pyrimidine synthesis; it’s production is the regulated step
CPS II	carbamoyl phosphate synthetase
Orotic acid	intermediate product in pyrimidine synthesis
The enzyme that produces orotic acid is found where in the cell	mitochondrial membrane (all other enzymes are cytosolic)
What’s special about the first three enzymes in pyrimidine synthesis	different domains on same protein
Orotic aciduria	last two enzymes are different domains of single protein and when this protein is deficient, orotate accumulates
Ribonucleotide reductase	makes DNA’s from RNA’s
When in the cell cycle does ribonucleotide reductase function	S-phase
Regulation of ribonucleotide reductase	each dNTP regulates its own synthesis; dATP inhibits all of them
5-fluorouracil	suicide enzyme; inhibits dUMP to dTMP synthase
thymidylate synthase	enzyme that converts dUMP to dTMP
methotrexate	inhibits the reduction of DHF to THF in dUMP to dTMP conversion
where does degredation of dietary nucleic acids occur	small intestine
what happens to most dietary purines	converted to uric acid
what happens to most dietary pyrimidines	degraded to highly soluble products
diseases associated with purine degredation	gout, adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency
gout	hyperuricemia, doposition of monosodium urate crystals in joints; gouty arthritis; idiopathic; increased risk with lots of meat, seafood, legumes
treatment of gout	anti-inflammatory drugs; allopurinol inhibits urate
ADA deficiency	accumulation of adenosine
HGPRT	enzyme in purine salvage pathway that is deficient in lesch-nyhan syndrome; uses PRPP
Lesch nyhan syndrome	extreme gout; lack of HGPRT enzyme; self mutilation
Neurotransmitters	domapine, norepinephrine, epinephrine, serotonin
Epinephrine synthesis pathway	phenylalanine, tyrosine, dopa, dopamine, norepi, epi
MAO	inactivates catecholamines by degredation along with COMT
COMT	inactivates catecholamines by degredation along with MAO
MAO inhibitor	permits neurotransmitter molecules to escape degredation (used for antidepression)
Methylphenidate	ritalin; blocks dopamine re-uptake; used to treat ADHD
Cocaine	similar actions to methylphenidate
Prozac and paxil work by	blocking serotonin transporter

Created by: droid on 2009-09-14