Rad Physics Word Scramble
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Terms | Definitions |
Science | use of knowledge in an organized and classified manner |
Natural Science | the study of the universe and its contents |
Two categories of natural science | physical and biological science |
physical science | the study of nonliving matter |
biological science | the study of living matter |
Physics | a branch of physical science that studies matter and enery and their interrelationships |
Matter | the substance that comprises all physical objects. It has shape and form and occupies space. Anything that has mass. |
mass | the quantity of matter contained in an object and is a principle characteristic of matter |
weight | the force that an object exerts under the influence of gravity |
kilogram | unit of mass |
mixture of substances | matter is most commonly found as this |
substances | a material that has a definite and constant composition |
mixture | two or more substances that have been combined |
simple or complex | substances may be one of what two things |
simple substance | is known as a element |
complex substance | is known as a compound |
element | a substance that cannot be broken down into any simpler substances by ordinary means |
92 | # of naturally occurring elements |
atom | the smallest particle of an element that still possesses the chemical properties of that element |
molecule | when two or more atoms are chemically united and is the smallest particle of a compund that still possesses the characteristics of the compound |
energy | the ability to do work |
Law of Conservation of Energy | the sum total of all matter and energy in the universe is a constant: matter and energy cannot be created or destroyed but can be converted from one form to another |
nucleus | small dense center of the atom |
nucleons | protons and neutrons |
protons and neutrons | responsible for almost all the mass of an atom |
electrons | subatomic particle that cannot be divided into smaller parts |
protons | the key characteristic that distinguishes one element from another |
atomic number | the number of nuclear protons in an atom |
Z number | another name for the atomic number |
atom becomes different element | what happens when a atom loses or gains a proton |
isotope | if an atom loses or gains neutrons |
ion | if an atom loses or gains an electron |
ionization | the process of adding or removing an electron from an atom |
electron binding energy | that amount of energy needed to remove the electron from the atom |
centrifiugal and attractive electrostatic force | the stability of the electron orbit is contributed by these two opposing forces |
electron volt (eV) | the binding energy of an electron is measured in this unit |
one | shell number of K |
two | shell number of L |
three | shell number of M |
four | shell number of N |
five | shell number of O |
six | shell numper of P |
seven | shell Q |
work | the result of a force acting upon an object over a distance |
mechanical energy | the result of the action of machines or physical movement |
potential and kinetic energy | the two types of mechanical energy |
potential energy | the energy that an object has because of its position; stored by virtue of its position until it is converted to another form |
kinetic energy | the energy of motion |
chemical energy | form of energy released during a chemical reaction |
thermal energy | the result of motion of atoms and molecules |
temperature | a measure of thermal energy |
electrical energy | the result of movement of electrons |
nuclear energy | stored in the nucleus of each atom and holds the nuclear particles in a tight bond |
electromagnetic energy | a form of energy that is the result of electric and magnetic disturbances in space. travels through space as a combination of electric and magnetic fields and is produced by the acceleration of a charge |
speed of light (c) | the velocity of electromagnetic radiation in a vacuum |
wave-particle duality of radiation | EM radiation behaves as a particle or a wave depending on the circumstance |
wavelength | the distance between two successive crests or troughs |
lambda | character for wavelength |
0.1 - 0.5 angstroms | the wavelength of diagnostic x-rays |
amplitude | the intensity of the wave defined by it maximal height |
frequency | the number of waves that passes a particular point in a given time frame, or the number of cycles per seconds |
nu (v) | the greek letter that represents frequency |
inversely proportional | the relationship between wavelength and frequency |
waves | electromagnetic energy travels through space in the form of this |
particles | when electromagnetic radiation interacts with matter in what form |
photon or quantum | small bundle of energy |
directly proportional | the relationship between the photon energy and frequency |
Created by:
quietone055
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