Chapter 3. Ocean Test Flashcards
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Name 5 oceans by decreasing size | Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Southern, Arctic
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| All the continents once formed a giant landmass called ______ | Pangea *Continental Drift*
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| What happens to the Atlantic Ocean each year? | Gets Wider
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| What happens to the Pacific Ocean each year? | Becomes smaller
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| What is the ocean water's most abundant salt? | Sodium Chloride (NaCl)
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| What measures the amount of dissolved salt in a liquid? | Salinity
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| A body of water for its high salinity is ____ | The dead sea
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| Where does the salt in the ocean come from? | Rivers and streams that carry the dissolved minerals to the ocean.
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| How does the pressure change as you go deeper in the ocean? | It increases
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| Why do hot, dry coastal waters have a higher salinity than cool, humid climates? | Heat increases the evaporation rate. Evaporation removes but leaves salts & other solids.
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| How does ocean temperature change with depth? | Surface zone- warmest & temp stays about the same; Thermocline- temp drops quickly; Deep- coldest & only changes a small amount
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| What causes water to evaporate from the ocean? | Sun
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| How does the ocean help regulate temperatures in the atmosphere? | Absorbs & hold energy from sunlight
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| What are 3 methods for studying the ocean floor? | SONAR, Satellites, & Underwater vessels
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| SONAR works by ________ | Sound waves bouncing off the ocean floor
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| The gently sloping area attached to a continent is the ________ | Continental shelf
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| The steeply sloping are between the continental shelf and the ocean floor is the _________ | Continental slope
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| An underwater mountain formed by volcanoes is a _________ | Seamount
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| Deep, flat areas of the ocean floor are called _________ | Abyssal Plain
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| Plates at mid-ocean ridges are _____ | Moving apart *DIVERGENT BOUNDARY*
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| Plates at ocean trenches are _______ | Colliding & 1 is pushed below the other *CONVERGENT*
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| New ocean floor is created at ________ | Mid-ocean ridges
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| Old ocean floor is destroyed at ________ | Trenches
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| What will a seamount become if it breaks the water's surface? | A volcanic island
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| What is the deepest known spot on the ocean floor? | Mariana's trench *CHALLENGER DEEP*
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| What is plankton? | Organism that float or drift freely near the oceans surface. *Krill, diatoms, eggs, larvae*
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| What is Nekton? | Organism that swim actively in open ocean *Whales, sharks, dolphins, fish, ect.*
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| What are Benthos? | Organisms that live on or in the ocean floor *Crabs, coral, eel grass, starfish, anemones*
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| What is a producer? | It makes its own food (photosynthesis)
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| What is a consumer? | Something that eats other organisms
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| What direction should the arrows in a food web or chain point? | Point up because of what it's eaten by
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| What's an estuary? | Something that forms where rivers run into oceans
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| What is water in an estuary? | Brackish, meaning it is partially salty and partially fresh.
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| What do coral reefs form from? | The skeletons of dead coral
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| What are 2 examples of problems or concerns about living ocean resources? | Overfishing & Drift nets
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| What is seaweed used for? | To thicken food
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| What is desalination? | Process of removing salt from sea water
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| What is tidal energy? | Energy generated from the movement of tides and can only be used where coastlines are shallow & have a channel
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| What is a nonpoint-source pollution? | Many sources from different sites
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| What is a point source pollution? | Comes from 1 site
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