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Chapter3 Ocean
Chapter 3. Ocean Test Flashcards
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Name 5 oceans by decreasing size | Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Southern, Arctic |
All the continents once formed a giant landmass called ______ | Pangea *Continental Drift* |
What happens to the Atlantic Ocean each year? | Gets Wider |
What happens to the Pacific Ocean each year? | Becomes smaller |
What is the ocean water's most abundant salt? | Sodium Chloride (NaCl) |
What measures the amount of dissolved salt in a liquid? | Salinity |
A body of water for its high salinity is ____ | The dead sea |
Where does the salt in the ocean come from? | Rivers and streams that carry the dissolved minerals to the ocean. |
How does the pressure change as you go deeper in the ocean? | It increases |
Why do hot, dry coastal waters have a higher salinity than cool, humid climates? | Heat increases the evaporation rate. Evaporation removes but leaves salts & other solids. |
How does ocean temperature change with depth? | Surface zone- warmest & temp stays about the same; Thermocline- temp drops quickly; Deep- coldest & only changes a small amount |
What causes water to evaporate from the ocean? | Sun |
How does the ocean help regulate temperatures in the atmosphere? | Absorbs & hold energy from sunlight |
What are 3 methods for studying the ocean floor? | SONAR, Satellites, & Underwater vessels |
SONAR works by ________ | Sound waves bouncing off the ocean floor |
The gently sloping area attached to a continent is the ________ | Continental shelf |
The steeply sloping are between the continental shelf and the ocean floor is the _________ | Continental slope |
An underwater mountain formed by volcanoes is a _________ | Seamount |
Deep, flat areas of the ocean floor are called _________ | Abyssal Plain |
Plates at mid-ocean ridges are _____ | Moving apart *DIVERGENT BOUNDARY* |
Plates at ocean trenches are _______ | Colliding & 1 is pushed below the other *CONVERGENT* |
New ocean floor is created at ________ | Mid-ocean ridges |
Old ocean floor is destroyed at ________ | Trenches |
What will a seamount become if it breaks the water's surface? | A volcanic island |
What is the deepest known spot on the ocean floor? | Mariana's trench *CHALLENGER DEEP* |
What is plankton? | Organism that float or drift freely near the oceans surface. *Krill, diatoms, eggs, larvae* |
What is Nekton? | Organism that swim actively in open ocean *Whales, sharks, dolphins, fish, ect.* |
What are Benthos? | Organisms that live on or in the ocean floor *Crabs, coral, eel grass, starfish, anemones* |
What is a producer? | It makes its own food (photosynthesis) |
What is a consumer? | Something that eats other organisms |
What direction should the arrows in a food web or chain point? | Point up because of what it's eaten by |
What's an estuary? | Something that forms where rivers run into oceans |
What is water in an estuary? | Brackish, meaning it is partially salty and partially fresh. |
What do coral reefs form from? | The skeletons of dead coral |
What are 2 examples of problems or concerns about living ocean resources? | Overfishing & Drift nets |
What is seaweed used for? | To thicken food |
What is desalination? | Process of removing salt from sea water |
What is tidal energy? | Energy generated from the movement of tides and can only be used where coastlines are shallow & have a channel |
What is a nonpoint-source pollution? | Many sources from different sites |
What is a point source pollution? | Comes from 1 site |