Anatomy
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| What bone makes up almost all of the skeleton of the arms and legs | long bone
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| What are the two irregular ends of the long bone, proximal and distal epiphysis | epiphysis
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| What part of the long bone is the long narrow shaft | diaphysis
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| The center of the diaphysis that contains bone marrow is called | medullary cavity
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| Osseous tissue pretains to | two types of bone tissue
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| What tissue is hard and dense, and makes up the main shaft of the long bone and the outer layer of other bones | compact bone
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| The tissue also konwn as spongy bone, is made of a meshwork of small, bony plates filled with red marrow | cancellous bone
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| Where is the spongy bone located | epiphyses
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| Which of the two marrows manufactures blood cells | red marrow
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| This marrow is located at the end of the long bone and at the center of other bones | red
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| Which of the two marrows is composed largely of fat | yellow marrow
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| What marrow is located in the central cavities of the long bones | yellow
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| The membrane thats inner layer contains cells that are essential in bone formation and covers the outside of the bone is called | periosteum
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| The thinner membrane that lines the bone marrow (medullary) cavity is called | endosteum
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| What is the conversion of cartilage to bone called | ossification
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| A fibrous protine that gives the tissue stringth and resilience is | collagen
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| What is the name of the bone building cells that become active during the second and third month of embryonic life | osteoblasts
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| The material located between the osteoblast cells is called the | matrix
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| What cells are still living and continue to maintain the existing matrix, but do not produce new bone tissue | osteocytes
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| The break down of bone tissue is called | resorption
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| This type of cell is developed of white blood cells that are large multinucleated, that is resonsible for the process of resorption | osteoclasts
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| In the long bone the transformation of cartilage into bone during fetal development begins at | the center of the shaft
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| The secondary bone forming centers that develop across the ends of the bones is called | epiphyseal plates
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| The long bones continue to grow in length of epiphyseal plates by calcifocation of new cartilage through | childhood and into the late teens
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| Finally the bones stop growing in length by | late teens or early 20s
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| Each epiphyseal plate hardens and can be seen in x-ray films as a thin line across the end of the bone, this is called the | epiphyseal line
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| What projection is rounded, knoblike end separated from the rest of the bone by a slinder reagion, the neck is the | head
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| What is a large projection of a bone, such as the superior part of the ulna in the forearm that creates the elbow is | process
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| A rounded projection is | condyle
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| A small projection above the condyle is an | epicondyle
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| What projection has a distinct border or ridge, often rough, such as over the top of the hip bone is a | crest
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| A sharp projection from the surface of a bone, such as the spine of the scapula (shoulder blade) is the | spine
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| A hole that allows a vessel or a nerve to pass through or between bone is called | foramen
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| An air space found in some skull bones is known as | sinus
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| A depression on a bone surface is a | fossa
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| A short channel or passageway that leads to the inner ear is called the | meatus
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| What skeleton consist of 80 bones and includes the bony framework fo the head and the trunk | axial skeleton
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| What skeleton consists of 126 bones and forms the framework for the extremities and for the shoulders and hips | appendicular skeleton
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| The suture that joins the frontal bone with two parietal bones along the coronal plane is the | coronal
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| The suture that joins the temporal bone to the parietal bone on the craniums lateral surface is the | squamous
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| The suture that joins the occipital bone with the parietal bone in the posterior cranium is the | lambdoid
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| The suture that joins the two parietal bones along the superior midline of the cranium along the sagittal plane is the | sagittal
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| The flexible regions that allow the skull to compress and change shape during birth and allow for rapid brain growth during infancy is known as | fontanels or soft spots
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| This fontanel usually does not close until the child is about 18 months old | anterior
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| What are the flat, immovable joints that unite the skull bones called | sutures
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| The first vertebrae that supports the head is the | atlas
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| The second cervical vertebrae serves as a pivot when the head is turning from side to side is the | axis
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| Name the first normal curve | cervical
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| Name the second normal curve | thoracic
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| Name the third normal curve | lumbar
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| Name the fourth normal curve | sacral
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| What is the purpose of the four curves of the spine | to provide some of the resilience and spring so essential in balance and movement
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| What is the first seven pair of ribs that are attached to the sternum by costal cartilage | true ribs
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| What is the five pair of ribs that are attached to cartilage of the rib above | false ribs
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| What are the two pair of ribs that have no anterior attachment at all | floating ribs
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| What is the term for individual extensions | costal cartilage
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| What is the medical term for the shoulder blade | scapula
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| What is the medical term for the upper arm | humerus
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| What is the medical term for the collarbone | clavicle
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| What is the medical term for the bone on the thumb side of the forearm | radius
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| What is the medical term for the bone on the little finger side of the forearm | ulna
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| What is the process that forms the point of the elbow | olecranon
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| The bones of the wrist are the | carpal bones
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| The bones of the palm are the | metacarpal bones
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| The bones of the fingers are the | phalanges
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| What gender has a lighter weight pelvis | female
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| A females pelvic opening is wider and more | rounded
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| What part of the pelvis is wider and more flared in a female | ilia
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| In a female the pubic arch and what between the pubic bones is wider | anterior angle
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| What is shorter and less curve on a female pelvis | coccyx and sacrum
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| In a females pelvis the lower duameter,the pelvic outlet is | larger
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| What is the medical term for the hip bone(all three together | os coxae
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| What is the medical term for the posterior bone of the hip | ilium
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| What is the medical term for the anterior bone of the hip | ischium
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| What is the anterior connection of the two hip bones | symphysis pubis
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| What is the medical term for the deep socket that holds the head of the femur | acetabulum
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| What is the medical term for the thigh bone | femur
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| What is the medical term for the kneecap | patella
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| What is the meical term for the shin bone | tibia
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| Medical term for the outer bone of the lower leg | fibula
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| Medical term for the inner and outer ankle bone | medial and lateral malleolus
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| Medical term for the heelbone | calcaneus
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| Medical term for the bones of the arch of the foot | tarsals
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| Medical term for the bones in the ball of the foot | metatarsal
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| Medical term for the bones in the toes | phalanges
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| What disorderis a lack of normal bone formation or excess loss of bone tissue | metabolic disorder
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| What joint is unmovable and held together by fibrous tissue like a suture | fibrous
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| What joint connect to the bone with cartilage and is slightly movable | cartilaginous
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| What joint has pontential space between the bone and contains a small amount of thick colorless fluid and freely moves | synovial
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| What joint disorder is a derangement of the joint parts | dislocation
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| What joint disorder is the wrenching of a joint with rupture or tearing of the ligament | sprain
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| What joint disorder has the central mass protruds through a weakend outer cartilaginous ring into the spinal canal also known as slipped disk | herniated disk
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| What disorder usually occurs in elderly people as a result of normal wear and tear | osteoarthritis
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| What disorder is a crippling coondition characterized by joint swelling in the hands, feet, and elswhere as a result of inflammation and overgrowth of the synovial membranes and other joint tissue | rheumatoid arthritis
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| What disorder arises when bacteria spread to involve joint tissue, usually by way of the bloodstreem | septic arthritis
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| What arthritis is an over production of uric acid or not enough that forms crystals that are diposited as masses around a joint and other areas | gout
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