Gram positive, Acid fast bacteria, Obligate Aerobic Intracellular
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| Gram +, Acid fast bacteria | Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobaterium bovis, Mycobacterium avium-intracllulare complex, Mycobacterium leprae
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| Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Labs | Acid fast stain of sputum smear, CXR, PPD, Catalase +, Reduces nitrate
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| Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Toxins | Abundant peptide antigens; Survives acidic, alkaline, or drying condition and resists disinfectants; Can have isoniazid resistance
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| Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Diseases | Primary, Secondary, or Miliary Tuberculosis, Extra-pulmonary TB
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| Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Treatment | Isoniazid, Rifampin, Pyrazinamide
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| Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Transmission | Respiratory droplets
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| Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Vaccine | BCG- not available in the U.S.
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| Mycobacterium bovis: Labs | Acid fast stain of sputum smear, Sputum culture, CXR, Positive PPD
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| Mycobacterium bovis: Toxins | Multiple peptide antigens; Survives acidic, alkaline, or drying conditions and resists disinfectants
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| Mycobacterium bovis: Diseases | Tuberculosis
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| Mycobacterium bovis: Treatment | Isoniazid, Rifampin, Pyrazinamide
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| Mycobacterium bovis: Transmission | Ingestion of raw milk; respiratory droplets
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| Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex: Labs | Acid fast stain of sputum smear, Sputum cultures, CXR; PPD may be positive
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| Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex: Toxins | Opportunistic pathogen; Survive in acidic, alkaline, and drying conditions
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| Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex: Diseases | Pulmonary infections, especially in immunocompromised patients; Disseminates to every organ and can be fatal in months
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| Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex: Treatment | Rifampin, Ethambutol, Streptomycin
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| Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex: Transmission | Opportunistic infection
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| Mycobacterium leprae: Labs | Lepromin skin test, Serology
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| Mycobacterium leprae: Toxins | Capsule, Intracellular survival within skin histocytes and Schwann cells
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| Mycobacterium leprae: Diseases | Tuberculoid Leprosy, Lepromatous Leprosy, Borderline Leprosy
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| Mycobacterium leprae: Treatment | Dapsone, Rifampin, Clofazime
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| Mycobacterium leprae: Transmission | Respiratory droplets, Close personal contact, Dermal trauma
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