Chapter 15 vocabulary
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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Vital signs | various determinations that provide info about the basic body conditions of the patient.
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Temperature | measurement of the balance between heat lost and heat produced by the body.
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Pulse | pressure of the blood felt against the wall of an artery as the heart contracts and relaxes, or beats
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Rate | number of beats per minute
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Rhythm | regularity
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Volume | Strength
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Respiration | breathing rate of the patient
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Blood pressure | force exerted by the blood against the arterial walls when the heart contracts or relaxes
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Homeostasis | ideal health state in the human body
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Oral temperature | taken in the mouth (keep in place for 3-5 minutes)
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Rectal temperature | taken in the rectum (keep in place for 3-5 minutes)
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Axillary Temperature | In the armpit, under the upper arm (keep in place for 10 minutes)
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Aural Temperature | taken with a special tympanic thermometer that is placed in the ear or auditory canal (2 seconds)
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Temporal Temperature | temperature of temporal artery to provide an accurate measurement of blood temperature
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Hypothermia | low body temperature, below 95 degrees F. measured rectally
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Fever | elevated body temperature, usually above 101 degrees F. measured rectally
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Pyrexia | Another term for fever
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Hyperthermia | occurs when the body temperature exceeds 104 degrees F. measured rectally
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Clinical Thermometer | slender glass tube containing mercury of alcohol with red dye, which expands when exposed to heat
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Electronic thermometer | registers the temperature on a viewer in a few seconds
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Tympanic thermometer | specialized electronic thermometer that record the aural temperature in the ear
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Temporal scanning thermometer | specialized electronic thermometers that measure temperature in the temporal artery of the forehead
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Rate (respiration) | of respiration counts the number of breaths per minute
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Character | the depth and quality of respiration
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Dyspnea | deifficult of labored breathing
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Apnea | absence of respiration, usually a temporary period of no respiration
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Tachypnea | rapid, shallow respiratory rate above 25 respiration's per minute
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Bradypnea | slow respiratory rate, usually below 10 respiration's per minute
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Orthopnea | severe dyspnea is which breathing in very difficult in any position other than sitting erect or standing
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Cheyne-stokes | abnormal breathing pattern characterized by periods of dyspnea followed by periods of apnea; frequently noted in the dying patient
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Rales | bubbling or noisy sounds caused by fluids or mucus in the air passages
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Wheezing | difficult breathing with a high pitched whistling or sighing sounds during expiration; caused by a narrowing of bronchioles and/or an obstruction or mucus accumulation in the bronchi
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Cyanosis | dusky, blush discoloration of the skin, lips, and/or nail beds as a result of decreased oxygen and increased carbon dioxide in the bloodstream
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Apical pulse | pulse count taken with a stethoscope at the apex of the heart
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Stethoscope | instrument used to listen to internal body sounds
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Pulse deficit | condition that occurs with some heart conditions
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Blood pressure | measurement of the pressure that the blood exerts on the walls of the arteries during various stages of heart activities
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Systolic | pressure occurs in the walls of the arteries when the left ventricle of the heart is contracting and pushing blood into the arteries
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Pulse pressure | difference between systolic and diastolic pressure
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hypertension | high blood pressure
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hypotension | low blood pressure
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sphygmomanometer | instrument used to measure blood pressure in the millimeters of mercury
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bradycardia | pulse rate under 60 beats per minute
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tachycardia | pulse rate over 100 beats per minute (except in children)
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arrhythmia | irregular of abnormal rhyth, usually caused by a defect in the electrical conduction pattern of the heart
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