| Question |
 |
|
| Answer |
 |
|
| Gram + Rods, Anaerobic |
Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium tetani, Clostridium difficile, Clostridium Botulinum |
| Clostridium perfringens: Labs |
Catalase - |
| Clostridium perfringens: Toxins |
Enterotoxins, Alpha toxin |
| Clostridium perfringens: Diseases |
Food poisoning, Gas gangrene, Endometritis, Cellulitis |
| Clostridium perfringens: Treatment |
Penicillin G, Metronidazole, Hyperbaric oxygen |
| Clostridium perfringens: Transmission |
Spores in soil, dust, and air, entering wound sites |
| Clostridium tetani: Labs |
Catalase - |
| Clostridium tetani: Toxins |
Spore-forming; toxin blocks inhibition--> lock jaw, opisthotonic posturing |
| Clostridium tetani: Diseases |
Lockjaw/opisthotonic |
| Clostridium tetani: Treatment |
Metronidazole, Tetanus anti-toxin, Respiratory support, Control of rigidity and spasms with benzodiazepines |
| Clostridium tetani: Transmission |
Spores occur in soil and disease occurs by entry of spores into wound sites; umbilical stump infection in neonates |
| Clostridium tetani: Vaccine |
DPT |
| Clostridium difficile: Labs |
Catalase - |
| Clostridium difficile: Toxins |
Flagella, spores with enterotoxins |
| Clostridium difficile: Diseases |
Pseudomembranous colitis, Bloody diarrhea |
| Clostridium difficile: Treatment |
IV Metronidazole, Oral Vancomycin, Water and electrolytes |
| Clostridium difficile: Transmission |
Spores infecting wound sites |
| Clostridium botulinum:Labs |
Catalase - |
| Clostridium botulinum:Toxins |
Blocks acetylcholine release |
| Clostridium botulinum:Diseases |
Diffuse paralysis |
| Clostridium botulinum: Treatment |
Botulinum anti-toxin, Metronidazole, Vanc |
| Clostridium botulinum:Transmission |
Airborne spores |