Weather and Climate Chapters 1 & 2
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| weather | The condition of Earth's atmosphere at a particular time and place.
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| atmosphere | The layer of gases that surrounds Earth.
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| ozone | A form of oxygen that has three oxygen atoms in each molecule instead of the usual two.
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| water vapor | Water in the form of gas.
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| pollutants | Harmful substances in the air, water, or soil.
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| density | The amount of mass of a substance to a given volume.
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| pressure | The force pushing on an area or surface.
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| air pressure | A force that is the result of the weight of a column of air pushing down on an area.
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| barometer | An instrument used to measure changes in air pressure.
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| mercury barometer | An instrument that measures changes in air pressure, consisting of a glass tube partially filled with mercury, with its open end resting in a dish of mercury. Air pressure pushing on the mercury in the dish forces the mercury in the tube to be higher.
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| aneroid barometer | An instrument that measures changes in air pressure without using a liquid. Changes in the shape of an airtight metal box cause a needle on the barometer dial to move.
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| condensation | The process by which molecules of water vapor in the air become liquid water.
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| dew point | The temperature at which condensation begins.
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| altitude | Elevation above sea level.
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| troposphere | The lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere, where weather occurs.
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| stratosphere | The second-lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere; the ozone layer is located in the upper stratosphere.
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| mesosphere | The middle layer of Earth's atmosphere; the layer in which most meteoroids burn up.
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| thermosphere | The outermost layer of Earth's atmosphere.
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| electromagnetic wave | A form of energy that can travel through space.
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| radiation | The direct transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves.
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| greenhouse effect | The process by which heat is trapped in the atmosphere by water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, and other gases that form a "blanket" around Earth.
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| thermal energy | The energy of motion in the molecules of a substance.
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| heat | The energy transferred from a hotter object to a cooler one.
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| conduction | The direct transfer of heat from one substance to another substance that it is touching.
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| precipitation | Any form of water that falls from cluds and reaches Earth's surface.
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| rain gauge | An instrument used to measure the amount of precipitation, consisting of an open-ended can topped by a collecting funnel and having a collecting tube and measuring scale inside.
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| droughts | Long periods of low precipitation.
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| convection | The transfer of heat by the movement of a fluid.
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| wind | The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure.
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| anemometer | An instrument used to measure wind speed.
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| wind-chill factor | Increased cooling caused by the wind.
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| local winds | Winds that blow over short distances.
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| global winds | Winds that blow steadily from specific directions over long distances.
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| Coriolis effect | The way Earth's rotation makes winds in the Northern Hemisphere curve to the right and winds in the Southern Hemisphere curve to the left.
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| latitude | The distance from the equator, measured in degrees.
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| jet streams | Bands of high-speed winds about 10 kilometers above Earth's surface.
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| evaporation | The process by which water molecules in liquid water escape into the air as water vapor.
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| humidity | A measure of the amount of water vapor in the air.
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| relative humidity | The percentage of water vapor in the air compared to the maximum amount the air could hold at that temperature.
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| psychrometer | An instrument used to measure relative humidity, consisting of a wet-bulb thermometer and a dry-bulb thermometer.
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
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To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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