Garner's Midterm
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| culture | combination of 3 things: values, material artifacts, and political institutions
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| habit | a repetitive act that a particular individual performs
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| custom | a repetitive act of a group, performed tot he extent that it becomes a characteristic of the group
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| folk culture | traditionally practiced primarily by a small, homogeneous group living in an isolated rural area
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| popular culture | found in large, heterogeneous societies that share certain habits despite differences in other personal characteristics
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| taboo | a restriction on behavior imposed by social customs
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| dowry | a gift from the family of a bride to the family of the groom, as a sign of respect. If no paid, the wife will often endure suffering and even murder. Murder are often covered up as a "kitchen accident"
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| language | a system of communication through speech,a collection of sounds that a group of people understands to have the same meaning
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| literary tradition | a system of written communication
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| official language | the language used by the government for laws, reports, and public objects
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| standard language | a dialect that is well established and widely recognized as he most acceptable for government, business, education, and mass communication
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| dialect | a regional variation of a language distinguished by distinctive vocabulary, spelling, and pronunciation
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| isogloss | a word usage boundary
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| language branch | a collection of languages related through a common ancestor hat existed several thousand years ago
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| language family | a collection of languages related through a common ancestor that existed long before recorded history
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| language group | a collection of languages within a branch that share a common origin in the relatively recent past and display relatively few differences in grammar and vocabulary
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| small language families | 5% of of people in the world speak a language in one of the following families:
afro-asiatic(Middle East)
austronesian(Southeast Asia)
niger-congo(Africa)
dravidian(India)
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| large language families | indo-european- 50% of people in the world speak a laguage in this family
tibetan- 20% of people in the world speak a language in this family
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| ideograms | represent ideas or concepts, not specific pronunciations
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| isolated language | a language unrelated to any other and therefore not attached to any language family
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| ebonics | a dialect spoken by some african americans
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| franglais | the widespread use of english in the french language
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| spanglish | a combination of spanish and english
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| creol or creolized language | a language that results from the mixing of the colonizer's language with the indigenous language of the people being dominated
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| extinct language | once in use, but no longer spoken or read in daily activities by anyone in the world
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| pidgin language | a simplified form of a lingua franca
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| lingua franca | a language of international communication
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| animism | traditional ethnic religions
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| autonomous religion | self-sufficient religions
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| branch | a large and fundamental division within a religion
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| caste system | the class or distinct hereditary order into which a hindu was assigned according to religious law
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| cosmogony | a set of religious beliefs concerning the origins of the universe
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| denomination | a division of a branch that unites a number of local congregations in a single legal and administrative body
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| diocese | the basic unit of geographic organization in the roman catholic church
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| ethnic religion | appeals primarily to a group of people living in one place
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| fundamentalism | a literal interpretation and a strict and intense adherence to basic principals of a religion
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| ghetto | a city neighborhood set up by law to be inhabited only be a certain group of people
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| hierarchial religion | a well defined geographic structure and organizes territory into local administrative units
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| missionary | individuals who help transmit a universalizing religion through relocation diffusion
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| monotheism | a religion that believes in only one god or almighty source
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| pagan | a follower of a polytheistic religion in ancient times
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| pilgrimage | a journey for religious purposes to a place considered sacred
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| polytheism | a religion that believes in two or more gods or almighty sources
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| sect | a relatively small group that has broken away from an established denomination
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| solstice | time when the sun is farthest form the equator
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| universalizing religion | attempt to appeal to all people, wherever they may live in the world
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| GDI (Gender Developmental Index) | created by the UN, using income, literacy, education, and life expectancy, to compare the level of development of women against men
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| What percent of refugees are women and children? | 80%
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| longevity/gender gap | the difference in the average length of life between males and females
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| what 10 countries have a higher life expectancy for men than for women? | 1.burkina faso
2.mali
3.namibia
4.mosambique
5.niger
6.malawi
7.afghanistan
8.nepal
9.bangladesh
10.zimbabwe
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| maternal mortality rate | number of women who die in childbirth or 42 days after
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| infanticide | the intentional killing of infants
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| GEM(Gender Empowerment Measurement) | compares the ability of women and men to participate in economic and political decision making
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| enfranchisement | the right to vote
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