Campbell Essential Biology
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| biology | scientific study of life
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| cellular organization | all living things are organized and made up of cells... metabolism, homeostasis, reproduction, heredity, movement, stimuli and complexity
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| cell theory | every living thing is made of cells
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| unicellular | made of one cell
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| multicelluar | made of more than one cell
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| metabolism | all the chemical reactions that are going on inside the body
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| homeostasis | perfect balance
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| types of reproduction | asexual and sexual
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| asexual | indivdial reproducing on its own... divides in half and both are identical
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| sexual | BEN <3 YOU RACHEL
two parents both contribute half the genetic infromation, offspring is not identical to either parent
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| heredity | transmission of characteristics from parent to child, stored in the dna
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| movement | happens at least once in its lifespan, movement is needed to be concidered alive
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| stimuli | responce to changes inside and outside of the body
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| complexity | all living things are complex
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| evolution | gradual change in a populations characteritics over time
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| natural selection | decent with modification, common ancestor, each adapted to a way of life, driving force of life process by which the individual most adapted to their enviroment are most likly to produce heathly offspring who in turn reproduce
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| taxonomy | science of classifiying living things into groups
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| list the 7 taxonomy classifications | kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
King Philip Came Over For Great Spaghetti
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| kingdom (5) | monera, fungi, protista, plantae, animalia
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| monera | blue green alge and bacteria
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| fungi | fungus and mushrooms
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| protista | one celled plants, fungi, and animals
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| plantae | multicelluar plants
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| animalia | multicelluar animals
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| binimial nomenclature | a system of two names, genus-species (genus is captialized, species lower case)
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| scientific method | the method of proving or disproving a hypthesis made off of observations
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| theory | after many retest, if they all result in the same answer, it is a fact science has not disproved
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| atom | one unit of a certain type of element
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| molecule | always have a certain ratio of one type of atom to another
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| chemical formula | short hand of molecule make up
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| glucose | C6 H12 06
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| non polar | compounds that do not have charged ends
ex. fats and oils
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| hydroprobic | does not desolve in water(non polar)
ex. fats and oils
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| polar | has a negative end and postive end ( - oxygen, + hydrogen)
ex. water
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| hydrophilic | water loving
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| properties of water | polar, cohesion, adhesion, high specific heat
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| cohesion | water is attracted to water
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| adheasion | water sticks to other polar compounds
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| high specific heat | water has to gain or lose alot of energy before it changes tempature
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| acid H+ | something that when it breakes up it gives up a hydrogen ion (dissoiates) Hydrogen ion H+
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| base OH- | something when it is dossoiates it releases hydroxide ions Hydroxide ion OH-
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| pH scale | 1-14 - 1 most acidic and 14 most basic, 7 is neutral
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| pH | each pH is a factor of 10 becasue its logritmic, multiply by ten as you compare
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| Macromolecules | large molecules made up of repeating units called monomers and polymers. ex-carbohydrates, lipids, protiens, and nucleic acids
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| Monomers | small molecules base unit
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| polymers | three or more momomers
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| Carbohydrates | simple surgars contain a lot of carbon
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| monosaccharides | made of one simple sugar, glucose c6h12o6
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| Disaccharide | made of two monosaccharides together
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| polysaccharides | made of three or more monosaccahrides ex-starch,glycogen, cellulose, chitin
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| Lipids | oils and fats made of glycerol and fatty acids
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| glycerol | they are made of heavy and hydrophyllic
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| fatty acids | are light and hydrophobic
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| monoglyceride | one fatty acid tail, but not a true fat
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| diglyceride | two fatty acid tails, not a true fat.
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| triglyceride | three fatty acid tails, true fat.. DO NOT EAT
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| Rachel | a wonderful person
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| saturated fatty acids | C-C-C-C-C hard fats, all carbons have a single bond
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| unsaturated fatty acid | C-C=C-C-C oily at least one double bond between the carbon
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| polyunsaturated fatty acids | three or more double or tripple bonds
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| Proteins | structual, storage, contractile, transport, and enzymes muscle growth and maitnence
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| Enzymes | make reactions go faster
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| Hormones | chemical messengers from one part of the body to another
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| Amino acids | building blocks of proteins 20 in our bodies
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| Essential amino acids | body can not make them, must get them from through eating food
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| Dipeptide | two amino acids
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| polypetide | three or more amino acids
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| Denatured | breaking down structures through heating up or acid, kills proteins
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| Nucleic acids | two types- dna rna
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| DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) | found in the nucleus of the cell double stranded-- made of nucleotides
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| RNA (ribonucleic acid) | single stranded made of nucleotides, found in and out of nucleus
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| Nucleotides | nucleic acids, polymoers made of momomers
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