Chem Chap 4
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Number of element on per. table | 112
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| Number of naturally occurring elements | 88
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| (1) Chemical discoveries of 18th Cent | Most natural materials are mixtures of pure substances
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| (2) Chemical discoveries of 18th Cent | Pure substances are either elements or combos of elements
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| (3) Chemical discoveries of 18th Cent | Law of constant composition
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| What is the law of constant composition? | Compounds will always have the same composition/amounts regardless of where elements came from
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| (1) Dalton's Atomic Theory | Elements are made of tiny particles called atoms
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| (2) Dalton's Atomic Theory | The atoms of a given element are different than those of any other element
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| (3) Dalton's Atomic Theory | Atoms of one element can combine with atoms of other elements to form compounds
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| (4) Dalton's Atomic Theory | Atoms are indivisible in chemical processes
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| Atomic model w/ mostly positive - electrons spread throughout to counter positive | Plum Pudding
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| Created Plum Pudding Atomic Model | Lord Kelvin
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| Rutherford knew plum pudding model was false because... | Large deflections of alpha particles - concentrated positive charge that would repel alpha particles
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| Nuclear Atom | An atom with dense center of positive charge (nucleus) around which tiny electrons moved in a space that was otherwise empty. Concluded nucleus must be positive charge to balance electrons.
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| Isotopes | Atoms with same number of protons, but different number of neutrons
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| Atomic Number | Number of protons in the nucleus
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| Mass Number | Protons + Neutrons
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| Columns on per. table | Groups
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| Rows on per. table | periods
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| Group 1 on per. table | alkali metals
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| Group 2 | alkaline earth metals/transition metals
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| Group 7 | halogens
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| Group 8 | Noble Gases
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| (1) Physical properties of metals | Efficient conductors of electricity
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| (2) Physical properties of metals | Malleability
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| (3) Physical properties of metals | Ductility
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| (4) Physical properties of metals | Lustrous
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| Upper right corner of per. table | nonmetals
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| Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te | metalloids
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| Non-reactive elements | Noble Gases
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| diatomic molecules | made up of two atoms
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| Different forms of a given element | alatropes
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| Elements react more violently as you go ____ | down
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| Ion | Charged particle
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| Pos. Ion | Cation
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| Neg. Ion | Anion
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To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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