Beaver Local 5
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| Revolution in thinking. Through the use of reason, people and governments could solve every social, political and economic problem. | Enlightenment
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| Challenged authority by using scientific reason to solve problems | Enlightenment
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| Member of a group of Enlightenment thinkers who tried to apply the methods of science to the improvement of society | Philosophe
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| Rule or law that governs human nature, universal system of rule | Natural Law
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| A ruler whose power was NOT limited and who usually “inherits” the power | Absolute Monarchy
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| The belief that Absolute Monarchs receive their power from God and therefore cannot be challenged | Divine Rule
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| Right that belongs to all humans from birth | Unalienable Rights
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| Government by the people and for the people | Democracy
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| A government type where there are representatives elected who listen to the citizens | Republic
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| Challenged power of absolutism & divine rule | Enlightenment
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| Places where individuals gathered to hear about the new ideas of the philosophes during the Enlightenment period | Salons
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| The philosophe who believed that humans are naturally selfish | Hobbes
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| The individual who put together a collection of the writings of the major philosophes | Denis Diderot
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| Thomas Hobbes promoted this type of government because he felt it would control the selfish nature of the citizens | Absolute Monarchy
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| The agreement between the government and the citizens where the citizens give up freedoms in exchange for security and protection | Social Contract
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| What are the three unalienable rights that John Locke speaks of? | Life, liberty, and property
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| What does John Locke insist that all humans are born with? | Unalienable rights
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| Who states that the government may be overthrown if the government fails to protect the citizens' life, liberty, and property? | John Locke
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| Who states that individuals in power tend to use and abuse power? | Montesquieu
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| Which philosopher stated that the government's power needed to be seperated in order to limit its power? | Montesquieu
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| The seperation of powers idea prescribed by Montesquieu was adopted by the United States in the form of how many branches | 3 branches
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| The prescribed 3 branch system of government that the U.S. promotes creates this type of system. | Checks and Balances
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| What is the system that establishes the legislative, executive, and judicial where each branch watches the other to assure that none gains more power than the other branch? | Checks and Balances
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| Which philosophe stated that individuals are born good yet corrupted by a bad government? | Rousseau
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| Which philosophe stated that citizens should be given the opportunity to vote? | Rousseau
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| When a government adheres to the most votes provided by the citizens, the government is listening to ____________________________. | Popular Sovereignty
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| Which philosphe promoted freedom of speech? | Voltaire
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| What opportunities did the colonies provide for oppressed individuals in Britain? | Cheap land; social advancement; new identity
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| Which war between 1754-1763 almost bankrupted the British government? | French and Indian War
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| What response did Britain have to their financial "woes" after the French and Indian War? | Began taxing the colonists
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| Which philosophe supported this statement: "no taxation without representation." | John Locke
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| Which type of protest led to the Boston Massacre? | Public Assembly
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| What type of protest does the Boston Tea Party represent? | Civil Disobedience
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| Why were the first shots of the American revolution considered the “Shots heard around the world?" | The shots were considered the "shots heard around the world" because it sent the message around the world that it is possible to revolt against unjust governments.
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| Which specific part of John Locke's philosophy did the leaders of the American Revolution utilize to justify their actions? | The right to overthrow a ruler who does not protect their unalienable rights (or follow natural law)
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| A type of government that is formed when the formation occurs via "the consent of the governed" | democracy
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| The Enlightenment philosophe's spoke about the importance of standing up against tyranny and oppression. What event was inspired by these thoughts? | The American Revolution
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| What specific type of democracy is created when officials are voted into office to represent the mass population? | Republic
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| What were the lasting consequences of the "shots heard around the world" (American Revolution). | Constitutions were now being created; inspired other oppressed peoples to overthrow their unjust governments; set a precendent for others around the world; inspired the seeking of new democracies
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| Which philosophe supports ..."all men are created equal..."? | Locke and Rousseau
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| Which philosophe supports ..."all men are... endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights..."? | Locke
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| Which philosophe supports this idea that the people are the source of their government ..."deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed..." | Rousseau
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