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Med’11 Biochemistry Enzymes - Cosubstrates, Prosthetic Groups, &Vitamins

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NADH (& NADPH)   Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide Precursor: Niacin Defic: Pellagra Role: Redox involving 2-e transfer Enz: Dehydrogenase  
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FAD   Flavin adenine dinucleotide Precursor: riboflavin B2 Defic: growth retardation Role: redox involving 1- and 2-e transfer Enz: flavoenzymes  
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CoA   Coenzyme A Precursor: pantothenate B3 Defic: dermatitis in chicks Role: acyl transfer Enz: 100s of enz  
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TPP   Thiamine Pyrophosphate Precursor: Thiamine B1 Defic: beriberi Role: transfer of 2-C fragment containing carbonyl Enz: some carboxylases  
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PLP   Pyroxidal Phosphate Precursor: pyroxidal, pyroxine, pyroximine B6 Defic: dermatitis in rats Role: transfer of groups to and from A.A. Enz: transaminase  
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Biotin   Biotin Precursor: Biotin Defic: dermatitis in humans Role: carboxyl grp transfer & ATP dependent carboxylation Enz: some carboxylases  
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Tetrahydrofolate   Tetrahydrofolate Precursor: folic acid Defic: anemia, spina befida Role: 1-C transfer Enz: dihydrofolate reductase & others  
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Cobalamin   Cobalamin Precursor: methylcobalamin, adenosylcobalamin Defic: pernicous anemia Role: intermolecular rearrangement, methyl transfer Enz: methylmalonyl-coA mutase; homocysteine methyltransferase  
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Lipoamide   Lipoamide Precursor: lipoic acid Defic: NONESSENTIAL Role: acyl transfer Enz:dihydrolipoamide; acyltransferase  
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Vitamin K   Deficiency: blood clotting disorder Role: carboxylation of Glu Enz: vitamin K-dependent carboxylase  
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Ubquinone   AKA: Coenzyme Q Role: electron transfer Enz: mitochondrial enzyme  
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Vitamin A   Role: Vision Solubility: Lipid Deficiency: Night blindness  
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Vitamin C   Role: Antioxidant Solubility: Water Deficiency: Scurvy  
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Vitamin D   Role: Gene expression Solubility: Lipid Deficiency: Rickets  
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Vitamin E   Role: Antioxidant Solubility: Lipid Deficiency: Fragile blood cells  
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Created by: Salma O
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