Hand skills/ writing
Help!
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| What is the order of writing skills? | Controlled scribble; discrete lines, dots, symbols; straight line or circular UCase letter; print Ucase letters/capitals; print Lcase letters, numbers; Cursive
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| What are the 7 motor prerequisites for in-hand manipulation? | 1) ability to supinate in var degrees & w/stability; 2) wrist stability; 3)Grasp w/thumb opp, finger grip, not palm; 4) Isolated thumb & radial finger movement; 5) Control of transverse MC arch; 6) separate radial/ulnar sides; 7) dynamic fingertip forces
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| What is HAND ASSIST? | Moving objects between hands to reposition it within the hands, used to substitute palm to finger translation or rotation
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| Typical age for finger to palm translation | 12-15 months
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| Typical age for palm to finger translation & simple rotation | 2 to 2.5 years
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| What is the usually the 6th thing a child does when they pick up a writing utensil? | Cursive letters
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| At what age do children use a palmar supinate grasp? | 1-1.5 years
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| At what age do children use a digital pronate grasp | 2-3 years
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| At what age is finger to palm translation? | about 1 year
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| T/F: A 3 year old can use their fingers for movement | F: before age 4 children usually use their proximal joints and not their fingers for movement
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| What is a static quadrupod? | Hand moves as a unit with no isolated finger movement - typical of 3-4 yo
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| What are some general considerations for handwriting? | wirst extension; isolated finger movements; hand preference; eye preference; where do they start letters
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| what grade is appropriate to start cursive? | 3rd grade
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| What is the sequence of teaching cursive writing? | imitating - copying - independent writing
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| What is "scoop and pile?" | a way to help teach kids to think about writing in cursive
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| Where is the most appropriate place to present something to a sitting student for fine motor work? | at the midline
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| WHen can a child ID an object with their hands? | 2.5 years
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| When can a child ID unfamiliar objects? | 5 years
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| when can a child adjust hand in preparation to hold a shape? | 6 months
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| When does a child use their hands bilaterally for specific functions? | 17-18 months
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| What are some good activities to practice tip & palmar prehension? | play doh, tearing newspaper, lacing, eye dropper
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| What might be true of a child who has cross dominant hand and eye? | they may struggle more with fine motor skills
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| What are 3 important pre handwriting skills | making a circle with thumb & index finger; isolating thumb; ability to supinate
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| What is a radical cross palmar grip? | thumb down, wrist pronated
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| What is a brush grasp? | holding end of writing tool in palm, fingers, thumb extended but not close to tip
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| What affects paper placement? | hand/eye dominance
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| Until what age is letter reversal not unusual and an occasional occurrence? | age 9
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| What is significant about "a stone" | it contains the most used letters
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| Does it make sense to learn letters in alphabetical order? | no - b/c "b" comes before "d" even though "d" is used more often
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| What kind of inputs are necessary for initiating and sustaining grasp? | tactile & proprioceptive inputs
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| What functioning is required to hold objects in hand without dropping them? | intact somatosensory functioning
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| how is tactile awareness tested/measured? | two-point discrimination
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| What are 6 signs of developmental readiness for writing? | 1) in-hand manipulation; 2) visual motor skills; 3) visual perception; 4) Bilateral integration; 5) fine motor; 6) proximal stability;
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| What are important points stressed in Handwriting without Tears? | Position in space; Use wooden shapes; Teach letters developmentally, not in alphabet order; Chalkboard to sm. gray blocks to paper t; Teach like-formed letters together
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| What are the 8 keys skills taught in HWWT? | 1) memory; 2) orientation; 3) placement; 4) size; 5) start at top (except d & e); 6) sequence; 7) Control; 8) spacing
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| F, E, D, P, B, R, N, M | What are the frog jump capitals?
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| H, K L, U, V, W, X, Y, Z | What are the starting corner capitals?
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| C, O, Q, G, S, A, I, T, J | What are the "center starters?"
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| What are the first 5 + 1 lower case letters taught in HWWT? | c, o, s, v, w + t
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| a, d, g | What is the second set of lower case letters taught in HWWT?
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| u, i, e, l, k, y, j | What is the 3rd set? (vowels)
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| p, r, n, m h, b | What are the "dive" 4th lower case set in HWWT?
(dive down, swim up and over)
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| f, q, x, z | What are the last lower case letters taught in HWWT?
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| What are the 3 instructional stages of HWWT? | 1) IMITATION: watch teacher & imitate; 2) COPYING: looks at model & copies; 3) INDEPENDENT WRITING: writes w/o demo or model
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