AP Euro Flash Cards
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| John Huss | Bohemian religious reformer whose efforts to reform the church eventually fueled the protestant reformation
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| John Wycliffe | Forerunner to the Reformation. Created English Lollardy. Attacked the corruption of the clergy, and questioned the power of the pope.
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| Martin Luther | 95 Thesis, posted 1517, led to religious reform in Germany, denied papal power and absolutist rule. Claimed there were only 2 sacrament: baptism and communion
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| Simony | the selling of church offices
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| Usury | the practice of lending money for interest
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| Nepotism | the practice of appointing family members to positions in favor. the practice was very common in the catholic church
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| Indulgences | Selling of forgiveness by the catholic church. it was common practice when the church needed to raise money. the practice led to the reformation
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| Excommunication | when a person is kicked out of the catholic church
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| Consubstantiation | the bread and wine undergo spiritual change.
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| Johann Tetzel | Hired by the archibishop Albert to sell indulgences. Infuriated Luther.
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| Diet of Worms | Assembly of the estates of the empire, called by Holy Roman Empire Charles V in 1521. Luther was ordered to recant but refused. Charles V declared Luther an outlaw
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| John Calvin | French humanist whose theological writings profoundly influenced religious thoughts of Europeans. Developed Calvinism at Geneva. Wrote Institutes of Christian Religion.
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| Predestination | Calvin's religious theory that God has already planned out a person's life
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| The Institutes of Christian Religion | Written by John Calvin
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| John Knox | Dominated the movement for reform in Scotland. Had been taught in Geneva by Calvin
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| Theocracy | A community in which the state is subordinate to the church
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| Ulrich Zwingli | (1484-1531) Swiss reformer, influenced by Christian humanism. He looked to the state to supervise the church. Banned music and relics from services. Killed in a civil war
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