DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| What is DNA? | An organic molecule that makes up chromosomes and genes
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| What is DNA responsible for? | All the inherited difference among organisms (genetic blueprint)
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| What does DNA control? | The activities of the cells with it's coded instructions
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| How many cells contain DNA? | 100 trillion
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| Who first discovered DNA molecules in what year? | Rosaling Franklin-1951
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| What is the double helix spiral? | DNA staircase strand of molecules
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| How did Rosaling Franklin see DNA molecules? | X-ray machine
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| Who were the 2 men who made a model of DNA's double helix spiral? | James Watson + Francis Crick
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| What is in the nucleus of every cell? | A copy of the organism's unique blueprint
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| What is DNA twisted up into? | Chromosomes
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| How many of each chromosome is in the nucleus? | 2
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| How many chromosomes do humans have? | 46
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| What are the 4 nitrogen bases? | Adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine
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| What is a codon? | A set of 3 pairs of DNA
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| Each codon codes for 1-____ different ________ to make a protein. | 20, amino acids
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| What is a nucleotide? | A section of DNA that is made up of 1 sugar molecule, 1 phosphate molecule and 1 nitrogen base
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| What is the genome? | The complete set of instructions for the organism
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| What does RNA stand for? | Ribonucleic acid
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| How many strands of DNA make up RNA? | 1
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| What is RNA's nitrogen base and who does it bond with? | Uracil bonds with adenine
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| Where is RNA made? | Nucleolus
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| What are the 2 types of RNA? | Messenger RNA and transfer RNA
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| What is RNA's job? | Transfer a copy of DNA from the nucleus out into the cytoplasm to help ribosomes make proteins.
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| What bonds to create a protein molecule? | Amino acids and a code of DNA copied
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| What is protein synthesis? | The process of transfering materials by RNA to ribosomes to create proteins.
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| Humans have greater than how many genes? | 30,000
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| What are proteins made up of? | Amino acids
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| What controls what protein is made? | The order of the amino acids
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| Specific proteins carry out specific what? | Functions
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| What percent of your genes are Junk DNA? | 20%
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| What is junk DNA? | Genes that don't code for proteins or regulate traits
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| What is cell division? | When cells divide to create new cells.
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| What is DNA replication? | Copying DNA for a new cell.
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| What is a harmful mutation? | Cancer
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| Where do mutations occur? | Sex cells
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| What are scientists creating to cure hemophilia? | Synthetic DNA
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| What scientists study evolutionary relationships among organisms? | Taxonomists
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| What is genetic engineering? | A manipulative DNA changer that forms more DNA that is resistant to diseases
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