Worsham Path Q2
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| pathology | the study of disease-specifically the study of the structure and function of the body as it is affected by disease
🗑
|
||||
| where does the term pathology come from | Greek word for disease or suffering (pathos) and the word for science or "study of" (logos)
🗑
|
||||
| when does the field of pathology come into play | when structure and function are no longer "normal"
🗑
|
||||
| who is the "father of medicine" | the Greek physician Hippoctrates (460-359BC)
🗑
|
||||
| gross pathology | studies changes in the structure and function of the body which can be observed with the unaided eye
🗑
|
||||
| microscopic, cellular or histo-pathology | studies changes which occur in cells of the body at the microscopic level
🗑
|
||||
| general pathology | deal with general or broad disease processes, such as necrosis or inflammatin, which may affect the entire body or wide-spread tissues and organs
🗑
|
||||
| special pathology | studies disease processes affecting individual body areas or systems, such as pathology of the respiratory system or diseases of the skin
🗑
|
||||
| pathological anatomy | study of tissues which have been removed from the body for patholoical study
🗑
|
||||
| tissuses removed during surgery or a biopsy is also known as | surgical pathology
🗑
|
||||
| autopsy pathology | tissues removed during autopsy
🗑
|
||||
| clinical pathology | deals with the laboratory study of, and the performance of standardized tests on, body fluids, and secretions, such as blood and urine tests, or cultures and smears of various types
🗑
|
||||
| physiological pathology | refers to studying the functional changes in the body resulting from disease
🗑
|
||||
| medical-legal pathology (forensic pathology) | that field of pathology which deals with both the medical and legal issues surrounding death
🗑
|
||||
| autopsy (postmortem examinaion; necropsy) | from the Greek words for "self" and "sight", used to refer to the examination of the body after death in order to determine the cause of death and/or existence of various disease conditions
🗑
|
||||
| translation of necropsy | "a state of death"
🗑
|
||||
| disease | any change in the structure or function of the body as a result of injury to the tissues
🗑
|
||||
| acute | rapid onset-short duration
🗑
|
||||
| chronic | gradual onset-long duration
🗑
|
||||
| fulminating disease | acute disease that ends in death
🗑
|
||||
| recurrent disease | symptoms and signs of a disease reappear after a period of remission
🗑
|
||||
| infectious disease | disease caused by a living pathogenic microorganism; transmitted from person to person
🗑
|
||||
| contagious (communicable) | diseases which are easily transmitted from person to person
🗑
|
||||
| infestation | refers to the presence of macroscopic organisms in or on the body (animal parasites, fleas, ticks)
🗑
|
||||
| idiopathic | cause of disease is not known
🗑
|
||||
| occupational | disease results from the nature of one's working conditions (coal minners disease-black lung)
🗑
|
||||
| endemic | dieases which are always present to some degree in a given area or community
🗑
|
||||
| sporadic | diseases which are found to occur only occasionally in a community
🗑
|
||||
| epidemic | diseases which affect a much larger than normal number of people in a community at one time
🗑
|
||||
| pandemic | diseases which affect the majority of the population in a very large area, possibly even worldwide
🗑
|
||||
| prevalence | refers to the number of cases of a disease within a certain population at a given time
🗑
|
||||
| acquired disease | development of a disease after birth
🗑
|
||||
| congenital disease | present at or before birth
🗑
|
||||
| hereditary disease | disease transmitted from parent to offspring
🗑
|
||||
| all genetic diseases are | hereditary
🗑
|
||||
| not all hereditary diseases are | genetic
🗑
|
||||
| febrile disease | disease characterized by the presence of a fever
🗑
|
||||
| intoxication | the state of being poisoned
🗑
|
||||
| deficiency disease | disease caused by the lack of some essential element
🗑
|
||||
| iatrogenic | one which results from a physicians treatment of a patient
🗑
|
||||
| malformations or anomalies | any defect in formation, structure or position of the body part. (something other then normal-no matter how small or large)
🗑
|
||||
| aplasia | absence of a body part
🗑
|
||||
| hypoplasia | under development of a body part
🗑
|
||||
| spina bifada | defect in the walls of the lower part of the spinal column
🗑
|
||||
| polydactylism | excess number of fingers or toes
🗑
|
||||
| hernia | protrusion of an organ through the wall of the body cavity in which it is contained
🗑
|
||||
| fistula | abnormal tract or channel through the tissues, connecting one body cavity with another, or connecting a cavity with the surface of the body
🗑
|
||||
| cyst | sac-like structure, containing fluid or a semi-solid substance. (abnormal debelopment of tissues, obstruction of ducts or infections)
🗑
|
||||
| Down's Syndrome (mongolism) | genetic defect resulting in various degrees of mental retardation, a dwarfed physique, and certain characteristic abnormalities of the head and extremities
🗑
|
||||
| lesion | any change produced by a disease (cold sore, peptic ulcer, broken bone, abscess, chancre)
🗑
|
||||
| organic diseases | disease have readily identifiable characteristic lesions (swollen & inflamed mucous membranes, ulcerations of syphilis)
🗑
|
||||
| functional disease | disease with no apparent underlying organic disorder
🗑
|
||||
| symptom | subjective manifestation of a disease. Those things which cannot be measured such as pain or malaise ("just don't feel good")
🗑
|
||||
| sign | objective manifestation of disease. Those things which can be measured such as blood pressure, body temperature, swelling, heart rate
🗑
|
||||
| syndrome | group of signs and symptoms that occur together. The sum of the signs and syptoms of any pathological condition
🗑
|
||||
| diagnosis | the determination of what disease exists. Analysis of patient history, signs, symptoms, and results of tests ordered by the physician
🗑
|
||||
| differential diagnosis | the process by which a physicain will rule out certain diseases with similar signs and symptoms so that an accurate determination can be made
🗑
|
||||
| prognosis | prediction of the outcome of a disease
🗑
|
||||
| remission | abatement; temporary or permanent disappearance of signs and symptoms
🗑
|
||||
| exacerbation | a sudden increase in the severity of signs and symptoms
🗑
|
||||
| complication | any unfavorable condition that may arise during a disease (hemorrhage resulting from duodenal peptic ulcer)
🗑
|
||||
| etiology | cause of the disease (specifically, the study of the cause of disease
🗑
|
||||
| pathogenesis | development of a disease, what it causes, what changes it produces, and how it affects the structure (morphology) and function (physiology) of the part or organ involved and the body as a whole
🗑
|
||||
| what are 6 predisposing factors for diseases | age, race, gender, genetics, occupation, environment
🗑
|
||||
| whar are 7 immediate/existing cause of disease | trauma, physical agents, chmical agents, living agents, deficiencies, allergens, heredity
🗑
|
||||
| sequelae | remote aftereffects of disease. May appear 20 to 30 years after the acute stage
🗑
|
||||
| intercurrent disease | disease that arises during the course of another disease (patient with cancer myocardial infarction)
🗑
|
||||
| non-suppurative disease | non-spus forming
🗑
|
||||
| communicable disease | disease that can be transmitted from one person to another
🗑
|
||||
| allergy | a state of hypersensitivity of the immune system; an overreaction to a harmless substance called allergen
🗑
|
||||
| functional disease | disease with no apparent underlying organic disorder (phobias)
🗑
|
||||
| inflammation | body's response to tissue injury
🗑
|
||||
| it is not a diaease, but a process the body goes through in response to an injury | inflammation
🗑
|
||||
| inflammation can be thought of as a | defense mechanism
🗑
|
||||
| the 3 purposes of inflammation are | 1-limit extension of this injurious, 2-destroy & remove the injurious agent, 3-mechanism for allowing the body to repair itself & return the injured tissues to normal use
🗑
|
||||
| four common causes of inflammation | living agents, chemical irritants, physical irritants, immunological reactions
🗑
|
||||
| inflammatory response is initiated when | injured and dying cells release chemical substances into the surrounding tissues which in turn stimulate other events to occur
🗑
|
||||
| no matter the cause of inflammation the common underlying situation is | damage to bodily tissues
🗑
|
||||
| in an attempt to isolate infection capillaries become ______ permeable, leaking additional fluid, which carry _______ and ______ _______ | more, antibodies, plasma proteins
🗑
|
||||
| plasma proteins are involved in | blood clot formation (fibrin formation)
🗑
|
||||
| exudates | excess fluids which collect around an inflammation site may be thought of as a type of edema
🗑
|
||||
| exudates may be categorized based on the substances they contain, which would be | purulent or suppurative (pus), hemorrhagic (blood), serous (clear liquid portion of the blood)
🗑
|
||||
| diapedesis | white blood cells are migrating out of the capillary walls and into the surrounding tissues
🗑
|
||||
| neutrophils | are the most prevalent type of phagocytic white blood cells and they help to ingest invading bacteria and other cellular debris
🗑
|
||||
| the process of pus formation is called | suppuration
🗑
|
||||
| bacteria which cause suppuration are called | pyogenic
🗑
|
||||
| what are 5 signs of cardinal inflammation | heat (calor), redness (rubor), pain (dolor), swelling (tumor), altered function
🗑
|
||||
| which sign of inflammation is associated with extra blood flow | heat and redness
🗑
|
||||
| swelling is | additional blood flow and presence of exudates
🗑
|
||||
| pain associated with inflammation is | pressure on sensory nerve endings in the vicinity of the inflammation
🗑
|
||||
| altered function can be the result of | any combinaiton of calor, rubor, dolor or tumor
🗑
|
||||
| what are the 6 common lesions associated with inflammation | abscess, ulcer, vesicle, pustule, furuncle, carbuncle
🗑
|
||||
| abscess | an area of pus surrounded by wall of inflammatory tissue
🗑
|
||||
| ulcer | a localized area of necrosis on the skin or mucous membranes
🗑
|
||||
| vesicle | an elevation of the skin containing fluid
🗑
|
||||
| pustule | an elevation of the skin containing pus
🗑
|
||||
| furuncle | boil; an abscess located in the deeper layers of the skin
🗑
|
||||
| carbuncle | 2 or more communicating furuncles; often accompanied by fever, leukocytosis, weakness, fatigue
🗑
|
||||
| when the inflammatory process has mangaged to overcome the injurious agent the next step is | tissue repair
🗑
|
||||
| repair | refers to the replacement of damaged tissue with connective tissue
🗑
|
||||
| scar or cicatrix | involves the formation of fibrous connective tissue
🗑
|
||||
| regeneration | refers to the replacement of damaged tissue with identical tissue
🗑
|
||||
| tissues of the body have equal or varying regenerative capacities | varying
🗑
|
||||
| resolution | indicate the termination of an inflammatory reaction, with the body part returned to normal use
🗑
|
||||
| what are the 2 main implications of inflammation | 1-skin burns, infectious lesions 2-internal inflammorty condition
🗑
|
||||
| how to overcome skin burns and infectious lesions | cosmetic civering of minor discolorations, excision of cebrotic tissue, surface compresses, hypodermic injection to supplement arterial injection
🗑
|
||||
| how to overcome internal inflammatory condition | higher fluid content in localized areas of inflammation
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
1157564676
Popular Science sets