Philosophy
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Personal Attack | arguer attacks the character of another arguer
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| Ad Hominem | arguer irrelevently insults another arguer (literally against the person)
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| Lack of Experience | arguer claims opponent does not have enough (or the right kind) of experience to make an argument
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| Vested Argument | arguer claims opponent has ulterior motives for making the argument
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| Tu Quoque | arguer claims opponent is doing what she/he has been accused of (literally: you also)
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| Fallacy | A misstep in an argument, quite literally a device that causes an argument to be useless. It invalidates arguments.
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| Mere Assertion | Arguer asserts claim without support, treating a single claim as an argument
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| Non-Sequitur | An argument where the conclusion does not follow from the premises
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| Dubious Authority | Arguer appeals to the wrong kind of authority
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| Unspecified Authority | Arguer appeals to vague authorities such as "scientits" or "studies" without providing specifics
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| Appeals to Tradition | Arguer appeals to traditions or length of time something has been in place
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| Celebrity | Arguer appeals to celebrities to make his or her case
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| Appeal to Novelty | Arguer claims that because something is newer, it must be better
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| Appeal to the Masses | Arguer appeals to popularity or "sheer number"
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| Appeal to the Few | (Like the appeal to the masses) but with a small, select population
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| Appeal to Ignorance | Arguer claims that something is true or false simply because no one has proven otherwise
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| Appeal to Force | Arguer threatens a reader or listener
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| False Dilemma/False Dichotomy | Posing a false either/or choice when there are more options than what is presented
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| Straw Man | Arguer misrepresents an opponent's view
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| Slippery Slope | Claiming, without sufficient evidence, that a seemingly harmless action, if taken, will lead to a disasterous outcome
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| Equivocation | Arguer uses a key word in two or more different senses
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| Circular Reasoning | Arguer assumes the conclusion in one or more premises or reiterates one of more premises in his or her conclusion (same thing said over again)
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| Hasty Generalization | Drawing a general conclusion from a sample that is biased or too small
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| False Cause | The claim that because one thing occurred after another thing, it must have resulted because of it
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| Oversimplified Cause | the claim that because one thing appeared to cause another, it is the only factor in that causation, when in actuality, there is more to the story
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| Emotional Appeals | Arguer preys upon the emotions of audience, rather than appealing to reason
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| Fear | Arguer tries to scare audience
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| Vanity | Arguer "butters up" audience by making them feel good with compliments (similar to the appeal to few)
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| Guilt | ARguer attempts to motivate audience by making them feel guilty
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| Poisoning the Well | Arguer undercuts the credibility of an opponent so much that the audience will not believe the opponent ever tells the truth
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| Red Herring | Arguer tries to distract the attention of the audience by raising an irrevelant issue
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Created by:
jenks14
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