What the title sayss...
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| a tempo | return to the original tempo after some deviation
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| adagio | slow, leisurely tempo
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| al fine | to the end, generally used after a repetition
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| alla breve | a tempo marking indicating quick double time; i.e. 2/2 instead of 4/4 with the
half note rather than the quarter note as the beat
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| allargando | slowing of tempo, usually with increasing volume; most
frequently occurs toward the end of a piece.
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| allegretto | slightly slower than allegro, often implying lighter texture and character as well
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| allegro | fast
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| allegro con spirito | fast tempo with spirit
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| amabile | sweet, loveable
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| ancora meno mosso | once more, but a little slower
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| andante | rather slow, at a moderate walking pace
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| aria | a self-contained composition for solo voice, usually with instrumental
accompaniment and usually found within the context of an opera, oratorio or
cantata
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| arpeggio | the notes of a chord played in succession to one another, rather than
simultaneously; a broken chord
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| art song | a composed song in which the text, melody, and accompaniment,
are interrelated to create a unified effect
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| bel canto | a style of singing characterized by lyricism, legato, pure vowels, and freedom
of production which originated in Italy during the so called "Golden Age of
Singing" (1685-1825)
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| berceuse | a lullaby
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| cadenza | an improvised or written-out ornamental passage performed by a soloist
usually near the final cadence
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| cantabile | singable; singing
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| catch breath | a short or partial breath to renew lung supply quickly
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| chorale | a congregational song or hymn of the German Protestant Church, originally for
the entire congregation to sing
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| chord | 3 or more pitches sounded simultaneously or functioning as if sounded
simultaneously
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| chromatic | motion by half steps; also describes harmony or melody that employs some
of the sequential 12 pitches (semi-tones) in an octave
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| D.C. or Da Capo | repeat from the beginning of the composition
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| D.S. or dal segno | repeat from the sign
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| divisi | performers singing the same part are divided to sing different parts.
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| dolce | sweetly, usually also softly
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| dynamics | the degrees of loudness in a musical work
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| embellishment | ornamentation added to music to make it more beautiful or effective, or
to demonstrate the abilities of the performer
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| forward tone | focused tone; a tone with major frontal resonance of the
mouth and vocal mask
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| grave | grave, solemn
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| grazioso | graceful
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| gruppo ad lib | a group of notes played or sung at the will or pleasure of the performer
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| head voice | the higher register of the singing voice
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| key | the pitch relationships that establish a tonal center
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| largo | very slow and broad
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| leap | melodic motion from one pitch to another that is more than a whole tone away
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| legato e pesante | smooth, connected and heavy
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| leggiero(leggero) | light (soft)
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| lunga | a long pause that is determined by the performer (director)
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| major scale | a diatonic scale where the half-steps fall between the third and fourth, and
the seventh and octave
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| marcato | marked, stressed
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| misterioso | play or sing in a mysterious manner
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| motif | a short musical idea or melodic theme, usually shorter than a musical phrase
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| natural | a note that is not affected by either a sharp or a flat, a natural sign cancels a
previous sharp or flat
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| niente | nothing
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| notation | any means of writing down music, usually indicating pitch, duration, timbre
and loudness
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| octave | an interval eight diatonic scale degrees above it. Two notes an octave apart have
the same letter name, and form the most consonant interval possible.
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| phrase | a single musical idea or element which is often defined by a repeated rhythmic
pattern or a melodic contour
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| portamento | special manner of singing where the voice glides from one tone to the next
through all the intermediate pitches
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| prestissimo | as fast as possible
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| presto | very fast, faster than allegro
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| primo | first or upper part
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| rallentando (rall.) | slowing down; the same as ritardando
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| rubato | making the established pulse flexible by accelerating and slowing down the
tempo, an expressive device
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| sempre | always
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| senza | without
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| sequence | the repetition of a phrase at different pitch levels using the same
or similar intervals.
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| sforzando | strongly accented, forced
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| simile (sim.) | continue to perform in a similar manner
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| sotto voce | softly; with subdued sound; performed in an undertone
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| stringendo | pressing, becoming faster, hurrying
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| strophic | describes a song where the stanzas are all sung to the same music
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| subito | suddenly, quickly
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| tacet | indicated that a particular voice or instrument is silent for an
extended passage or movement
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| tenuto (ten.) | fully sustained, occasionally even a bit longer than the note value requires
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| time signature | the sign placed at the beginning of a composition to indicate its meter
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| tonic | the key center, the foundation of a scale or melody
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| vivace | lively, briskly
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Created by:
MelodyR
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