CSU More OT History
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| Adolf Meyer 1866 - 1950 | A doctor who was an early advocate of occupational therapy -
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| John Dewey 1859 – 1952 | Educator who promoted practical, hands on activities in school - Pragmatism
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| Phillip Pinel 1745 - 1826 | Promoted "Moral Treatment" in France focusing on humane treatment and invovlement in activities for individuals with mental illnesses
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| William Tuke 1732–1819 | A quaker who promoted humane treatment and activity based care for mental illness in England (an approach similar to Pinel's)
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| The Arts and Crafts Movement peaked 1880 and 1910 | A movement that valued craftsmanship. A response to the industrial revolution. Valued handmade vs factory made. Also associated with progressive political views
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| Disability Rights Examples | Sit ins in the offices of the US Dept of Health Ed and Welfare ( 977), smashing curbs to allow w/c access, protest marches (1970-1980s), Capitol Crawl (1990)
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| Disability Studies | The academic study of disability in society, based on a social model of disability - The first program opened in 1994
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| Social model of disability | An view of health that focuses on barriers in the physical, social, legal and legislative environments rather than on impairments in the body when explaining what causes disability.
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| Medical Model | A view of health that focuses almost exclusively on impairments in the body to explain health and functional ability. If you are using this, you are NOT doing occupational therapy
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| The Current Paradigm of OT | Occupation-based, Client-centered, Evidence-based, Culturally relevant, Holistic including all parts of the person and their environments
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| The Original Paradigm of OT | Occupation-based and client centered
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| The First crisis in the profession of OT | Medicine was becoming more scientific. Insurance companies and doctors were in charge of what qualified as medical treatment. OTs worked to be more scientific and more like medicine.
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| The Second Paradigm of OT | OT became more mechanistic and more focused on understanding and treating specific client factors. We still benefit from knowledge gained during this time (sensory integration is an example)
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| The Second Crisis in OT | After a period of focusing on mechanistic approaches leaders in the field felt that we had lost our unique identity as a profession.
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| Hull House | A settlement house in Chicago that was lead by Jane Adams and her partner Mary Rozet Smith. Founded in 1889, there were 13 buildings by 1911. They celebrated the cultures of immigrants while also supporting their transition to the USA through activities.
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| Reconstruction Aides | Served wounded soldiers (physical injuries and shell shock) during and after WWI - Some served overseas. Reconstruction aides are a part of history for both PTs and OTs
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| When did we first have OT Assistants in the USA? | The first OTA students graduated in 1960. Initially they were only trained to work in psychiatric programs. - The reason for creating assistants was a shortage of OT professionals. Col. Ruth A. Robinson was AOTA president and she worked HARD for this.
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| The Industrial Revolution | 1760 to 1840 - Large factories opened in cities. People who had owned their own small businesses or farms became employees. Cities became crowded - Child labor laws were not yet in place.
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| The first textbook in OT | Willard & Spackman publish the 1st OT textbook
in 1947. These two women owned property together and worked together for years to support each other personally and professionally.
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| Women get the right to vote in the USA | 1920
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| National Society for the Promotion of Occupational Therapy was founded in... | 1917
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