Skull, Cranial Bones, facial and sinus
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| How many cranial bones are there | 8
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| How many facial bones are there | 14
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| The eight bones of the cranium are divided into what two areas | Calvaria and the floor
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| What are the four bones of the calvaria (skullcap) | Frontal, right parietal, left parietal and occipital
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| What are the four bones of the floor | Right temporal, left temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid
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| Viewed from the front, the bone of the calvaria that is most readily visible is the | Frontal bone
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| What are the two main parts of the frontal bone | Squamous (vertical portion/flat) and the orbital (horizontal portion)
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| Smooth, raised prominence between the eyebrows just above the bridge of the noise | glabella
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| Slight depression above each eyebrow and corresponds to the floor of the anterior fossa of the cranial vault. | Supraorbital groove (SOG)
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| Superior rim of each orbit | Supraorbital margin (SOM)
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| A small hot or opening within the supraorbital margin slightly medial to its midpoint | Supraorbital notch
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| On each side of the squamous portion of the frontal bone above the supraorbital grove is a larger rounded prominence | Frontal tuberosity
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| The _____ on each side forms the superior part of each orbit | orbital plate
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| Each orbital plate is separated from the other by the _______. | ethmoidal notch
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| The small horizontal plate of the ethmoid. | Cribriform plate
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| The vertical plate of the ethmoid bone forming the upper portion of the bony nasal septum is the | Perpendicular plate
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| A structure found in the middle of the sphenoid bone that surrounds the pituitary gland is the | Sella turcica
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| The posterior aspect of the sella turcica is called the | Dorsum sellae
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| Which structure of the sphenoid bone allows for the passage of the optic nerve and is the actual opening for the orbit | Optic foramen
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| Which structures of the sphenoid bone help form part of the lateral walls of the nasal cavities | Medial and lateral pterygoid processes
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| Which radiographic cranial position best demos the sella turcica | lateral
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| Which aspect of the frontal bone forms the superior aspect of the orbit | Orbital or horizontal portion
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| Cranial sutures are classified as being _____ joints | Fibrous or synarthrodial
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| Small irregular bones that sometimes develop in adult skull sutures are called _____ or _____ bones and are most frequently found in the _______ suture. | Sutural or Wormain, lambdoidal
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| Which term describes the superior rim of the orbit | Supraorbital margin (SOG)
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| What is the name of the notch that separates the orbital plates from each other | Ethmoidal notch
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| Which cranial bones from the upper lateral walls of the calvarium | Right and left parietals
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| Which cranial bone contains the foramen magnum | Occipital
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| A small prominence located on the squamous portion of the occipital bone is called the | External occipital protuberance or inion
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| What is the name of the oval processes found on the occipital bone that help form the occipito-atlantal joint | Occipital condyles or lateral condylar portions
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| List the three aspects of the temporal bones | Squamous, mastoid, and petrous
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| (True/False) The mastoid portion of the temporal bone is the densest of the three aspects of the temporal bone | False (petrous portion)
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| Which external landmark corresponds with the level of the petrous ridge | Top of the ear attacment (TEA)
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| Which opening in the temporal bone serves as a passageway for nerves of hearing and equilibrium | Internal acoustic meatus
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| List the three aspects of the temporal bone | Squamous, mastoid and petrous
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| Which aspect of the temporal bone is considered the densest | Petrous portion
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| Which structure makes up the cartilaginous,external ear | Auricle or pinna
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| How long is the average external acoustic meatus (EAM) | One inch
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| Which small membrane marks the beginning of the middle ear | Tympanic membrane (eardrum)
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| What is the collective term for the small bones of the middle ear | Auditory ossicles
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| Which structure allows for communication between the nasopharynx and middle ear | Eustachian or auditory tube
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| What is the major function of the auditory tube | To equalize the atmospheric pressure within the middle ear
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| Which structure serves as an opening between the mastoid portion of the temporal bone and the middle ear | Aditus
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| What is the name of the thin plate of bone that separates the mastoid air cells from the brain | Tegmen tympani
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| Which one of the auditory ossicles picks up sound vibrations from the tympanic membrane | Malleus
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| Which one of the auditory ossicles is considered to be the smallest | Stapes
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| Which one of the auditory ossicles resembles a premolar tooth | Incus
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| What is the name of the small membrane that connects the middle to the inner ear | Oval or vestibular window
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| Which two sensory functions occur occur within the inner ear? | Hearing and Equilibrium
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| What is the name of the small membrane that will move outward to transmit impulses to the auditory nerve, thus creating the sense of hearing | Round or cochlear window
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| Because of its central location, the ______ articulates with all seven of the other cranial bones | Sphenoid
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| (True/False) The cochlea is closed system relating to the sense of hearing | True
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| Which one of the following bones is not part of the floor of the cranium? (Temporal, Ethmoid, Occipital, Sphenoid) | Occipital
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| Which aspect of the frontal bone is thin-walled and forms the forehead? (Orbital, Horizonal, Squamous, Superciliary margin) | Squamous
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| Which four cranial bones articulate with the frontal bone | Rt and Lt parietals, sphenoid and ethmoid
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| Which structures are found at the widest aspect of the skull | Parietal tubercles or eminences
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| What is the thickest and densest structure in the cranium | Petrous portion or petrous pyramids
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| (True/False) The sphenoid bone articulates with all the other cranial bones | True
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| The shallow depression just posterior to the base of the dorsum sellae and anterior to the foramen magnum is the | Clivus
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| What is the name of the paired collections of bone found inferior to the cribriform plate that contain numerous air cells and help form the lateral walls of the nasal cavity | Lateral labyrinth or masses
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| Form a part of the lateral walls of the nasal cavities | Pterygoid processes or plates
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| Which small section of bone is located superior to the cribriform plate | Crista galli
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| what is the formal term for the left sphenoid fontanel in the adult | Left pterion
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| What is the name of the cranial suture formed by the inferior junction of the parietals to the temporal bones | Squamosal suture
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| What are the two terms for the small, irregular bones found in the adult skull sutures | Sutural or wormian bones
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| Structures related to cranial bone: Pterygoid hamulus | Sphenoid
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| Structures related to cranial bone: Anterior Clinoid processes | Sphenoid
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| Structures related to cranial bone: Glabella | Frontal
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| Structures related to cranial bone: Foramen ovale | Sphenoid
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| Structures related to cranial bone: Perpendicular plate | Ethmoid
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| Structures related to cranial bone: Superior nasal conchae | Ethmoid
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| Structures related to cranial bone: Foramen magnum | Occipital
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| Extending anteriorly from the squamous portion of the temporal bone is an arch of bone termed the | Zygomatic process
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| Extending medially and downward from the medial wall of each labyrinth are thin scroll shaped projections of bone called | superior and middle nasal conchae
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| The anterior fontanel is the largest and it does not completely close until about ___ months | 18
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| what are the three main parts of the middle ear | tympanic membrane, auditory ossicles and the tympanic cavity
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| The ______ is the passageway between the middle ear and the nasopharynx | Eustachian tube
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| Part of the internal ear that relates to the sense of hearing | cochlea
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| Acoustic neuroma is typically diagnosed with the use of CT or ____ | MRI
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| Air fluid level in the sphenoid sinus if a ______ is used for the lateral view. | horizontal ray
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| In a AP axial projection _____ will project the anterior arch of C1 into the foramen magnum rather than the dorsum sellae | overangulation
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| In a lateral position ____ is evident by superior and inferior separation of symmetric horizontal structures such as the orbital roofs | Tilt
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| What is the thyroid does for a SMV projection | 264
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| On the lateral position for a sella turcica where is the CR centered to | a point 3/4" anterior and 3/4" superior to the EAM
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| For a AP axial projection for the sella turcica what CR angle is used if the anterior clinoids are of primary interest | 30 degree caudad
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| Which of the following bones is not a facial bone? (middle nasal conche, vomer, lacrimal bone, mandible) | Middle nasal conchae
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| What is the largest immovable bone of the face? | Maxillae
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| List the four processes of the maxilla | Frontal, alveolar, zygomatic, palatine
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| Of the four processes of the maxilla which one is most superior | Frontal
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| Which soft tissue landmark is found at the base of the anterior nasal spine | Acanthion
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| Which facial bones form the posterior aspect of the hard palate | Horizontal portion of palatine
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| Which two cranial bones articulate with the maxilla | Frontal and ethmoid
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| Which facial bones are sometimes called the "cheek bones" | Zygomatic
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