NC 8 EOG
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on it to display the answer.
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| Absolute Age | The exact age of a rock
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| Adaptation | A trait that improves an organism's chance for survival
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| Adhesion | Water molecules stick to another surface
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| algal bloom | the rapid growth of algae due to too many nutrients in the water
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| antibiotic resistance | bacteria develop a tolerance to medicine
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| antibiotics | group of medicines used to kill bacterial disease
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| antimicrobial | substance that kills microbes (ex: hand sanitizer)
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| aquifer | underground rock layer that stores water
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| asthma | bronchi swell and person has difficulty breathing
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| atom | smallest unit of matter
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| atomic mass | protons + neutronsbottom number
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| atomic number | number of protonstop number
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| ATP | Chemical compound cells use for energy
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| Benthos | organisms that live near the ocean bottom
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| Boiling Point | temperature at which substance turns from liquid to gas
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| Buoyancy | Upward force of water on an object
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| Cancer | group of diseases caused by abnormal cell growth
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| carcinogen | chemical that causes cancer
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| carrier | organism that is infected with a disease, but does not show symptoms
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| cell | basic unit of structure and function in all living things
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| cell cycle | cells grow, make copies of their chromosomes, and divide to form daughter cells
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| cell membrane | the structure that surrounds a cell, protects cell from outside
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| cell theory | 1. all living things are made of cell2. a cell is the basic unit of structure and function3. all cells come from existing cells
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| cellular respiration | the process cells use to obtain energy from food
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| chemical bonds | forces that hold atoms together
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| chemical change | change in appearance and chemical make up-a new substance is formed
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| chemical formula | chemical symbols and subscripts that tell the number of atoms of each element in a compound
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| chemical reaction | process by which new substances are formed
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| chemical weathering | changes the chemical composition of rocks
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| chlorophyll | green pigment that captures the energy of the Sun to drive the proces of photosynthesis
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| chloroplast | a cell organelle where photosynthesis occurs
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| cilia | tiny hairs that cover the outside of the cell, used for movement
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| cohesion | the water sticks to other water molecules
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| compound | two or more elements chemically combined
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| concentration | amount of a substance in a given volume
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| conductor | material that allows heat and electricity to flow through it easily; characteristic of most metals
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| consumer | organism that gets energy by eating other organisms
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| contagion | disease that can be spread from one organism to another
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| continental drift | process by which the continents split apart from a single landmass
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| contour line | a line on a topographic map that connects areas with the same elevation (height)
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| contractile vacuole | cell structure used to pump water out of the cell; in Paramecium
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| convergent boundary | two tectonic plates push together; forms mountains
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| covalent bond | two atoms share electrons equally
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| cytokinesis | division of the cytoplasm
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| cytoplasm | fluid that fills the space inside of a cell
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| decomposer | organism that obtains energy by breaking down wastes of organisms or the remains of dead organisms
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| density | mass/volume
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| DNA | nucleic acid that carries genetic information
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| desalination | process used to separate salt from seawater; results in fresh water and salt
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| divergent boundary | two techtonic plates move apart
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| dose | amount of a chemical given to an individual
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| ductile | able to be stretched into wires without breaking; characteristic of most metals
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| electron | subatomic particle that has a negative charge and is located around the outside of the nucleus
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| electron cloud | region surrounding the nucleus where the electrons are located
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| element | substance that cannot be broken down into a simpler substance
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| endoplasmic reticulum (ER) | moves molecules from one part of the cell to another
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| estuary | area where salty ocean water mixes with fresh water from rivers
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| eukaryote | organism whose cells have a nucleus
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| evolution | change over time
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| exposure time | how long an individual is exposed to a chemical
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| extinct | no longer found living on Earth
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| extinction | disappearance of a species from Earth
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| eyespot | an organell of the protist Euglena that is sensitive to light
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| fault | a break in Earth's surface
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| fertilizers | chemicals that help plants grow
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| fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) | illnesses that can affect the unborn child of a mother who drinks alcohol
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| flagellum | whiplike tail on cells, used for movement
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| food preservatives | chemicals used to prevent food from spoiling
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| food web | shows what each organism in an ecosystem eats
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| fossils | imprints of organisms that were once alive
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| gamete | sex cell (sperm/egg)
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| geologic time scale | timeline that organizes events in Earths History
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| glacier | moving mass of ice and snow
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| glycolysis | break down of glucose in a cell
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| Golgi apparatus | organelle that modifies proteins
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| ground truthing | checking features on a satellite image by visiting the location on Earth
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| groundwater | water located below Earth's surface
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| group | column of the periodic table; contains elements that have similar properties
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| homeostasis | maintaining stability/balance
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| hydrosphere | all of the water on Earth; includes groundwater, surface water, and water in the air/atmosphere
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| hydrothermal vents | cracks in the ocean crust that release mineral rich water that has been heated by Earth's interior
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| index fossil | the fossil of an organism that helps us determine the age of a rock
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| insulator | material that does not allow electricity or heat to flow through it easily; characteristic of most non-metals
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| interphase | a period of growth and DNA replication that occurs between cell divisions
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| intertidal zone | the shoreline area; where the tide comes in and out
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| ionic bonds | bonds formed by the transfer of electrons
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| law of conservation of matter | during a chemical reaction, matter cannot be created or destroyed
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| law of superposition | older rock layers are at the bottom, younger rock layers are at the top
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| lysosome | the organelle that digests nutrients and old organelles
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| magnetism | force of attraction between unlike poles (+/-), characteristic of metals
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| malleable | able to be hammered or bent without breaking
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| mass extinction | the disappearance of a large number of species in a short period of time
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| mechanical weathering | the break down of rocks into smaller pieces
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| meiosis | process in which organisms produce gametes
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| melting point | temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid
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| three types of elements | metal, non-metal, metalloid
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| location of metals on periodic table | left
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| location of non-metals on periodic table | right
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| location of metalliods on periodic table | staircase
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| group of elements that conducts heat and electricity, is shiny, and malleable | metals
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| group of elements that does not conduct heat or electricity, is dull, and not malleable | non-metals
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| group of elements that is sometimes shiny, sometimes malleable, and semi-conductors | metalloids
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| microbe | tiny organism that can be seen through a microscope
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| mitochondria | organelle that makes ATP (energy) for the cell to use
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| mitosis | process by which the nucleus divides to form two nuclei
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| mixture | two or more substances combined physically but not chemically
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| molecule | smallest unit of a compound
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| multicellular | organism made of more than one cell
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| mutagen | anything that changes the DNA of an organism
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| mutate | to change the genetic make-up of an organism
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| natural selection | the theory that explains how populations can eventually evolve into new species
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| nekton | swimming organisms in the ocean
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| neritic zone | slope from the shoreline to the ocean floor; contains coral reefs, where upwellings occur
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| neutron | particle that has no charge and is found in the nucleus of an atom
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| nitrates | used for growth by plants and algae
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| non-point source pollution | pollution that comes from many places or indirect
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| nuclear membrane | membrane around the nucleus of a cell
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| nucleus (atom) | center of an atom
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| nucleus (cell) | organelle that controls the cell
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| oceanic zone | open waters of the ocean
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| oceanography | study of the physical properties of the ocean
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| organelle | a structure inside a cell that carries out a process of life; mini-organ
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| parasite | organism that lives off another organism
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| pathogen | organism that causes disease
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| period | horizontal row of the periodic table
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| periodic table | chart that organizes elements
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| pesticides | chemicals designed to kills organisms that are considered pests (insects, weeds, etc)
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| pH | measure of how acidic or basic a substance is
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| physical change | change in appearance, but not in chemical make-up
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| plankton | tiny organisms that are moved by ocean currents
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| plate tectonics | the theory stating that the continents and oceans are all sitting on large pieces of rocks that are constantly moving
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| point-source pollution | pollution that comes from a single site; direct
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| polarity | slightly positive end, slightly negative end; property of water
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| potency | how powerful a chemical is
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| precipitate | solid that forms from a chemical reaction
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| producer | organism that makes its own food
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| product | substance formed during a chemical reaction
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| prokaryote | unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus
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| proton | subatomic particle with a positive charge, found in the nucleus
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| pseudopod | extension of the cytoplasm; used for movement by amoebas
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| reactant | substance that takes part in a chemical reaction
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| reflectance curve | a graph that shows how a surface of Earth reflects light
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| relative age | the age of an object compared to another object (older, younger, same age as)
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| remote sensing | gathering information from a distance or above
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| reproduction | ability of cells or organisms to make more organisms like themselves
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| ribosome | organelle where proteins are synthesized
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| risk-benefit analysis | the process of weighing the potential harm against the benefits
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| salinity | how salty water is
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| septic system | wastewater treatment system for an individual home or farm
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| solubility | the amount of a substance that will dissolve in another substance
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| solution | a substance made by dissolving one substance in another substance so that the two substances are evenly mixed
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| solvent | substance that dissolves another substance
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| sonar | using sound echoes to measure the depth of the ocean
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| specific heat | the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree
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| spectral analysis | study of the reflectance of objects or substances on Earth using satellite imagery
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| subduction | one tectonic plate sinks under another
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| surface tension | force that acts on the particles at the surface of a liquid; caused by cohesion
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| synthetic chemical | chemical that is not formed in nature; made by people
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| tectonic plates | giant chunks of land or ocean floor
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| theory of plat tectonics | theory that states that Earth's land is broke into large sections called tectonic plates that move and change position over time
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| topographic map | map that shows elevation (height) and vegetation (plants)
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| transform boundary | two tectonic plates slide past each other
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| turbidity | how muddy water is
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| unconformity | a missing rock layer; caused by weathering
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| unicellular | organism made of one cell
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| universal solvent | water can dissolve more substances that any other solvent
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| upwelling | movement of cold, nutrient-rich waters from the deep ocean into shallow areas; caused by wind blowing away from shore
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| urban sprawl | spreading out of a city
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| vaccination | a person is given a small dose of a weakened or inactive virus that builds a person's immune system defenses against that disease
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| vector | a living thing that spreads a disease
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| virus | a particle that consists of a nucleic acid enclosed in a protein shell that requires a host cell to reproduce; NON-living
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| volume | space an object takes up
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| wastewater | water that runs down a drain
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| wastewater treatment plants | facilities that process water to remove wastes and the release the clean water into a lake or stream
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| weathering | break down of rocks
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
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You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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