Block 6 amino products, Heme and Bilirubin
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Three specialized products derived from tyrosine? | Thyroid hormones: T3, T4
🗑
|
||||
| Two specialized products derived from Tryptophan? | Serotonin, Niacin (NAD, NADP)
🗑
|
||||
| Two specialized products derived from Arginine? | Creatine (arginine + glycine) & Nitric Oxide
🗑
|
||||
| Two specialized products derived from Glutamate? | Glutamate as a neurotransmitter & GABA
🗑
|
||||
| One specialized product of Histidine? | Histamine
🗑
|
||||
| What three amino acids are essential in the synthesis of purines or pyrimdines? | glycine, glutamine, aspartate
🗑
|
||||
| One specialized product that uses the entire structure of glycine? | Heme
🗑
|
||||
| Where does Heme synthesis occur? | liver
🗑
|
||||
| What are some heme-containing proteins? | hemoglobin, myoglobin, cytochromes (P450, ETC)
🗑
|
||||
| What are some heme-containing enzymes? | peroxidases, catalases
🗑
|
||||
| What 2 enzymes does lead poisoning inhibit? | ALA dehydratase & Ferrochelatase
🗑
|
||||
| What enzyme combines succinyl-CoA and glycine to start the Heme pathway? | ALA (aminolevulinic acid) synthetase
🗑
|
||||
| What is porphyria? | rare enzyme deficiency in the heme pathway
🗑
|
||||
| Why does skin begin chronic inflammation and blistering with porphyria? | UV-light converts accumulated intermeadiates from the Heme pathway
🗑
|
||||
| What is the difference in the concentration of ALA in Vitamin B6 deficiency and lead poisoning? | Ala decreased in B6, increased in Lead poisoning
🗑
|
||||
| From where does bilirubin originate? | older RBCs lysed in spleen, heme released and converted to bilirubin by spleenic macrophages
🗑
|
||||
| How does bilirubin travel from the liver to the gall bladder? | It is insoluble so it rides albumin
🗑
|
||||
| What is a way the hepatocytes make bilirubin more soluble? | conjugate with glucuronic acid, in a UDP-glucuronate...conjugated bilirubin or bilirubin glucuronate
🗑
|
||||
| What does bilirubin contribute to the gall bladder, it's storage site? | green color is due to bilirubin glucuronate
🗑
|
||||
| What makes poop brown? | bilirubin glucuronate conveted to urobilinogen which becomes sterocobilin (stands for brown sheete)
🗑
|
||||
| How could a big pile of feces indicate you had a bile duct blockage? | it would be clay colored
🗑
|
||||
| What makes urine yellow? | Lemonade...or a portion of urobilinogen converted to urobilin and excreted in urine
🗑
|
||||
| Summarize what makes the following colors? Brown Feces, Green Bile, Yellow urine | urobilinogen to stercobilin in feces
billirubin glucuronate in gall bladder
urobilinogen to urobilin in urine
🗑
|
||||
| You can indirectly measure bilirubin by checking the level of: | unconjugated bilirubin
🗑
|
||||
| What conditions increase indirect/insoluble bilirubin? | Hemolysis from sickle cell, thalassmia, or
G6PDH; Crigler - Najar; Gilberts syndrome; Low levels of UDP-Glucuronate in newborn
🗑
|
||||
| What conditions increase direct/soluble bilirubin? | Hepatic damage that results in failure to secrete conjugated bilirubin into bile duct and/or bile duct obstruction
🗑
|
||||
| What causes Jaundice? | increase in indirect or direct bilirubin, or both.
🗑
|
||||
| What is the problem with accumulation of indirect, lipid soluble billirubin? | crosses blood brain barrier to cause death
🗑
|
||||
| Why does conjugated bilirubin not act in this manner? | It is secreted in the urine
🗑
|
||||
| What is total bilirubin? | unconjugated + conjugated bilirubin
🗑
|
||||
| What are three examples of hemolytic crisis? | episodes of hemolysis in G6PDH deficiency
Sickle Cell crisis
Thalassemia
🗑
|
||||
| What happens in Crigler-Najar syndrome | genetic defect in UDP-glucuronyl Transferase
🗑
|
||||
| What is a symptom of the less severe Gilbert syndrome | inferior sclera is faint yellow
🗑
|
||||
| If you damage your liver through alcoholism, what enzymes are increased in the blood? | AST is greater than ALT
🗑
|
||||
| What increases in viral Hepatitis in the blood? | ALT is greater than AST
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
El Diablo
Popular Biochemistry sets