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CSU Yalom's Curative/Thereaputic Factors of Group Therapy

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Universality   The recognition of shared experiences and feelings among group members and that these may be widespread human concerns  
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Altruism   The group is a place where members can help each other. Group members benifit by being the ones to help others  
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Instillation of hope   In a mixed group that has members at various stages of development or recovery, a member can be inspired by another member who has overcome the problems with which they are still struggling.  
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Imparting information   While this is not strictly speaking a psychotherapeutic process members often report that it has been very helpful to learn from other members in the group. For example, about community resources  
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Corrective recapitulation of the primary family experience   Members often unconsciously identify the therapist and other group members with their own parents and siblings in a form of transference. This allows group members to gain understanding of the impact of childhood experiences on current issues  
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Development of socializing techniques   The group setting provides a safe and supportive environment for members to take risks by extending their repertoire of interpersonal behaviors.  
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Imitative behaviour   One way in which group members can develop social skills is through a modeling process, observing and imitating the therapist and other group members.  
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Cohesiveness   This is the primary therapeutic factor from which all others flow. Humans are herd animals with an instinctive need to belong to groups  
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Existential factors   Learning that one has to take responsibility for one's own life and the consequences of one's decisions.Accepts the fact that responsibility for change comes from within oneself  
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Catharsis   Catharsis is the experience of relief from emotional distress through the free and uninhibited expression of emotion.  
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Interpersonal learning   Group members achieve a greater level of self-awareness through the process of interacting with others in the group who give feedback on the member's behaviour and impact on others.  
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Self-understanding   This factor overlaps with interpersonal learning but refers to the achievement of greater levels of insight into the genesis of one's problems and the unconscious motivations that underlie one's behaviour.  
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