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USCSOM: Micro: Memorizing bacteria

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Genus species
Common Name/Disease
Gram, Shape, Aerobe
ID
Symptoms
Transmission
Treatment
Shigella   bacillary dysentery   neg, rods, facultative anaerobe   shiga toxin, responds to antibiotics   bloody feces, intestinal pain   oro-fecal, unwashed hands   ampicillin  
🗑
Salmonella enteritidis   salmonella   neg, rods, facultative anaerobe     nause, vomit, non-bloody   contaminated food   self-limiting,  
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Salmonella typhi   enteric fever, 'typhoid'   neg, rods, facultative anaerobe   Vi capsular antigen   GI, gallbladder   water, food, human   antibiotics  
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Yersinia enterocolitica   yersinia   neg, rods, facultative anaerobe   grows in cold   diarrhea, fever, abdominal pain   water, milk, meat   antibiotics recommended  
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Vibrio cholerae   cholera   neg, comma, fac anaerobe   oxidase +; cholera toxin   watery diarrhea, dehydration   feces/water, seafood   fluid, tetracycline  
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Campylobacterjejuni     neg,spiral   microaerophilic, 42 deg   watery, dysentery, falaise, fever, abdominal pain, associatedwith Guillan-Barre   milk/meat   self limiting  
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helicobacter pylori   stomach ulcers   neg, sprial   urease+ producing NH3 and CO2   increased cancer risk   chronically in stomach   antibiotic  
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Treponema pallidum   syphilis   neg, long, motile   dark-field micro, antibody cardiolipin   chancre, flu, neuro   genital, utero   penicllin G  
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Borrelia burgdorferi   Lyme disease   neg, long, motile   serum aBs   rash, bacteremia, neuro, arthritis,relapsing fever   ticks,   antibiotics early  
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Leptospira   Leptosipra   neg, long motile   serology   flu-like, kidney brain, eye   water from animal urine   readily curable  
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Neisseria gonorrhoeae   Gonococcus   neg, diplococci   chocolate, oxidase +, PCR   septic arthritis, dermatitis   sex   penicillin, ceftriaxone  
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Neisseria meningitidis   Meningococcus   neg, diplococci   spinal fluid, Thayer Martin   meningitis   young, crowded, respiratory   Penicillin, vaccine w/ anti-capsular antibodies  
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Streptococcuspyogenes   Group A Strep   pos, chains, fac anaerobe   beta-hemolysis, cat +,   rheumatic fever, bacteremia      
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Streptococcusagalactiae   Group B Strep   pos, chains, fac anaerobe   beta emo, hydrolysis of hippurate,CAMP        
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Eterococci   Group D Strep   pos, chains, fac anaerobe   bile-esculin, alpha/gamma hemolytic   UTIs     resist vancomycin  
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Viridans streptococci     pos, chains, fac anaerobe   alpha-heme, neg for other tests   endocarditis,dental caries   tooth extraction, orally    
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Streptococcuspneumoniae   pneumonia     alpha-heme, solubule in bile     opportunisticupper repiratorytract   capsular vaccine, penicillin, vancomycin  
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Staphylococcus aureus   commonest infection   pos, grapes, fac anaerobe   Beta, mannitol, cat+, coag+, golden pigmentation   pneumonia, osteomyelitis, srthritis,bacteremia, endocarditis   community and hospital   vancomycin  
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Staphylococcus epidermis   common contaminant of cultures   pos, grapes, faculative anaerobes   non-hemo, mannitol-, pigment-, coag-     catheters, shunts, artificialheart valves   vancomycin  
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Staphylococcus saprophyticus       gamma-hemo, mann-, pigment-, coag-   UTIs     vancomycin  
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Bacteroides fragilis     neg, rod,strict anaerobe, non-spore   strict anaerobe   abcess formation     not penicllin  
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Clostridia tetani   tetanus   pos, rods, anaerobic spore   tetanus toxin   rigid paralysis,non-invasive   soil   vaccination  
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Clostridia perfringens   gas gangrene   pos, rod, anaerobic spore   lecithinase+   necrosis, swelling of tissue   soil, GI, food poisoning   antitoxin, antibiotic, debridement  
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Clostridia botulinum   butilism   pos, rod, anaerobic spore   botulinum toxin   flaccid paralysis   food poisoning   anti-toxin, antibiotics  
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Clostrisium difficile   C difficile   pos, rod, anaerobic spore   exotoxin A and B   pseudo-membranous colitis   normal flora alteration   discontinue current ABs, vancomycin  
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa     neg, rod, aerobe, oxidase+, polar flagella   pigments: pyocyanisn, pyroverdin, fruity smell   burns and wounds, CF, cytotoxic drug therapy   airborne    
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Mycobacteriumtuberculosis   TB   acid-fast, rods, obligate aerobe   production of niacin     man-man airborne   2+ antibiotics  
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Mycobacteriumleprae   leprosy, Hansen's disease   acid-fast, obligate anaerobe   acid-fast stains of skin biopsies, lepromin   disfigurement   armadillo reservoir   dapsone, multi-drug  
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Mycobacteriumavium/intracellulare   MAC complex   acid-fast, obligate anaerobe   CD4<100   associated with AIDS   person-person in immunosupressed   multiple drug combinations  
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Corynebacterium diphtheriae   diphtheria   pos, rod, strict aerobe   Loeffler's medium; metachromatic staining   choking? systemic and fatal injury   found in normal flora   anti-toxin, antibiotics, immunization  
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Legionella pneumophila   Legionnares disease   neg, rod, faculative   buffered charcoal yeast extract, Cys+, Fe+   pneumonia   aerosols, stagnant h2o, protozoa   erythromycin,can be self-limiting  
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Bordetella pertussis   whooping cough   neg, short rod,strict aerobe   bordet-gengou medium, PCR   catarrhal (flu-like); paroxysmal, whoop, confalescent stage   aerosol droplets   erythromycin,vaccination  
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Haemophilus influenzae     neg, non-motile   sheep blood agar around Staph, Hemo-, GF+   meningitis   resides in upper airway   vaccination Hib  
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Haemophilus ducreyi   Chancroid   neg, non-motile   parallel rows of rods and chains on exudate smear   genital ulcers, regional lymphadenopathy   STD   azithromycin,ceftriaxone, cipro, erythro  
🗑
Brucellosis abortus   brucella   neg, coccobacilli,strict aerobe   non-hemo, non-motile, cat+, ox+, urease+   suppurative febrile   cattle, cheese   tetra/doxy with rifampin  
🗑
Brucellosis canis   brucella   neg, coccobacilli,strict aerobe   non-hemo, non-motile, cat+, ox+, urease+   suppurative febrile   dogs   tetra/doxy with rifampin  
🗑
Brucellosis suis   brucella   neg, coccobacilli,strict aerobe   non-hemo, non-motile, cat+, ox+, urease+   prolonged, kidney lesions   swine   tetra/doxy with rifampin  
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Brucellosis melitensis   brucella   neg, coccobacilli,strict aerobe   non-hemo, non-motile, cat+, ox+, urease+   severe, recurring   goats/sheep, cheese   tetra/doxy with rifampin  
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Francisella tularensis   tularemia   neg, nonmotile, short, aerobe   Serum aBs, BCYE   ulcerating papule w/ necrosis, flu-like   ticks, aerlsol   streptomycin,gentamycin  
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Yersinia pestis   The Plague   neg, bacillus, bipolar, fac anaerobe   agar neg, buboes   black buboes, swollen lymph nodes, septicemia   fleas, infected rodents, airborne   streptomycin,tetracycline  
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Listeria monocytogenes   Listeriosis   pos, short cains, fac intracellular   end-to-end tumbling at 25C, cold enrichment   GI, meningitis,flu-like   contaminated foods   penicillin +/- gentamycin  
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Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae   Erysipeloid   pos, rod,   nutrient broth, alpha-hemo   burning lesions on periphery,non-suppurative   skin abrasion contaminated animal/soil   penicillin  
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Bacillus anthracis   anthrax   pos, rod, spore, aerobic   smear of vesicular fluid   malignant pustule, respiratory distress   contact, inhalation   penicillin, cipro, doxy  
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Bacillus cereus     pos, aerobe, spore     food poisoning, eye infections   contaminated food   self-limiting  
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Mycoplasma pneumoniae   'walking pneumonia'   multiple shapes, strict aerobe   lack of cell wall, metabolizeglucose, cold agglutinins   atypical pneumonia, upper respiratory   aerosolized; confined pops   tetracycline, erythromycin  
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Mycoplasma hominis     fac anaerobe   cell wall-, arg+   pyelonephritis, postpartum fevers   colonization during birth   tetracycline, erythromycin  
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Mycoplasma genitalium     fac anaerobe   not cultured   pelivc inflam disease     tetracycline, erythromycin  
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Ureaplasma urealyticum     fac anaerobe   cell wall-, urea+   non-gonococcal urethritis, abortion, premature birth   colonization during birth   tetracycline, erythromycin  
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Chlamydia trachomatis   Chlamydia   like neg, LPS, energy parasites   iodine-staining inclusion bodies, antigens   trachoma (eyelids), conjunctivitis, discharge   droplets, hands, clothing, flies, birth   tetra, erythro, sulfas  
🗑
Chlamydophilapneumoniae   TWAR   like neg, LPS, energy parasites   4x rise in titer   bronchitis, sinusiis, pneumonia   man-man by respiratory droplets   tetra, erythro  
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Chlamydophilapsittaci   Parrot fever, ornithosis   like neg, LPS, energy parasites   4x rise in titers   fever chills headach, non-productivecough   inhalation of bird droppings   tetra, erythro  
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Rickettsia rickettsii   Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever   small, neg, coccobacilli,Giemsa stain   indirect fluorescent aB test   centripetal rash, fever chills, headach, myalgia   Tick, ixodid (hard) tick   tetracycline, chloramphenicol  
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Rickettsia akari   Rickettsialpox   small, neg, coccobacilli,Giemsa stain   not available   papule, ulcerates, ,forms eschar; fever chills, headache, myalgia   Mite   tetra expedites recovery  
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Rickettsia Prowazekii   Epidemic typhus   small, neg, coccobacilli,Giemsa stain   Immunofluorescent aBs   centrifugal rash, fever, chills, headache, myalgia   Louse   tetra expedites recovery  
🗑
Rickettsia typhi   Murine typhus   small, neg, coccobacilli,Giemsa stain   indirect fluorescent aBs   fever, chill, headache, myalgia, centrifugal rash   Flea, rats   Tetra  
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Orientia tsutsugamushi   scrub typhus   small, neg, coccobacilli,Giemsa stain   aBs   fever, chill, headache, myalgia, centrifugal rash   Mite, chiggers   Tetra  
🗑
Ehrlichia chaffeensis   human monocytic ehrlichiosis   small, neg, coccobacilli,Giemsa stain   serology   like Rocky Mtn, -rash, +leukopenia   Lone Star tick   doxycycline  
🗑
Ehrlichia ewingii   human granulocytic ehrlichiosis   small, neg, coccobacilli,Giemsa stain   serology   like Rocky Mtn, -rash, +leukopenia   Lone Star tick   doxycycline  
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Anaplasma phagocytophilium   human granulocytic ehrlichiosis   small, neg, coccobacilli,Giemsa stain   serology   like Rocky Mtn, -rash, +leukopenia   Deer/Dog ticks   doxycycline  
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Coxiella burnetii   Q fever   small, neg, coccobacilli,Giemsa stain   aBs to Phase 2 or Phase 1/2 antigen   atypical pneumonia, fever, chill, myalgia, endocarditis   inhalation of airborne particles   tetracycline  
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Bartonella quintana   trench fever, 5 day fever   neg, aerobe, bacilli   PCR/serology   severe pain in tibia, 5 day intervals   body louse   erythro, doxy  
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Bartonella henselae   cat-scratch disease   neg, aerobe, bacilli   serology   chronic regional lymphadenopathy   cat scrach, bites, fleas   azithromycin  
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Escherichia coli   E. coli   neg, rods, facultative anaerobe   serotype O157:H7; lactose +; pH acid   dysentery; hemolytic-uremic syndrome   fecal contamination   fluid  
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Enterotoxigenic E. coli   ETEC; 'travelers diarrhea'   neg, rods, facultative anaerobe   heat labile toxin; heat stable toxin   watery diarrhea; fever, nausea   fecal   fluid  
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Enteropathogenic E. coli   EPEC, infant diarrhea   neg, rods, facultative anaerobe   lesion involving microvilli   fever, diarrhea, vomit, nasuea, non-bloody   fecal   fluid  
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Enteroaggregative E. coli   EAEC   neg, rods, facultative anaerobe   brick-like clumps   diarrhea, heavy mucus   fecal   non-invasive  
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Enteroinvasive E coli   EIEC   neg, rods, facultative anaerobe   indistinguishable from shigellosis   rare in US   fecal   fluid  
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