a&P
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What are hormones | Chemical messengers released into the blood and are transported throughout the body
🗑
|
||||
| 8 process controlled by hormones | *Reproduction *Growth and development *mobilizing body defenses *maintain electrolyte balance of blood *Maintain nutrient balance of bllod *maintain water balance of blood *regulate cell metabolism thyroid *regulate energy balance partiel thyroid
🗑
|
||||
| Hormone chemical classifications | *Non-steroidal (amino acid-based molecules) *Steroids (made from cholesterol
🗑
|
||||
| Target Cells/Target organs | The cells/organs that hormones affect *hormones increase or decrease the rate of a normal metabolic process
🗑
|
||||
| Steroidal Hormones | Hormone-receptor complex binds to specific sites on cell's DNA *Activates certain genes to transcribe mRNA
🗑
|
||||
| Nonsteroidal Hormones | *Hormone binds to membrane receptor *Enzyme catalyzes reaction that produces a 2nd messenger molecule (Camp)
🗑
|
||||
| Hormonal Stimuls | Other hormones encourage endocrine organs into action *The hormones made by the target glands increase and feed back and tell the glands to stop or slow down production
🗑
|
||||
| Humoral | The blood levels of certain ions and nutrients that change stimulate hormone release as soon as the levels increase enough secretion stops
🗑
|
||||
| Neural Stimulus | Nerve fibers stimulate hormone release *Sympathetic nervous systems (fight flight fright)
🗑
|
||||
| Endocrine Glands | No Ducts! Ductless! rich blood supply
🗑
|
||||
| Exocrine Glands | *HAVE ducts! *Release products at the body's surface or into body cavities through ducts
🗑
|
||||
| 9 Major Endocrine Organs | *pituitary gland:anterior pituitary is ENDOCRINE*Thyroid *Parathyroid *Adrenal *pineal *thymus ALL ENDOCRINE *Pancreases *Gonads *Hypothalamus are both endocrine and exocrine
🗑
|
||||
| . 5 Anterior Pituitary gland (glandular tissue) | *Growth hormone GH: effect non endocrine targets *Prolactin: effect non endocrine targets breast milk *Thyrotropic: tropic hormone *Gonadotropic 2 hormones: tropic hormones
🗑
|
||||
| Tropic Hormones | Stimulate their target organs (endocrine oragns) to secrete hormones which exerts their effects on other body organs and tissues
🗑
|
||||
| Anterior Pituitary hormones are | Proteins *act as 2nd messenger system *regulated by hormonal stimuli (negative feedback
🗑
|
||||
| Growth Hormone functions | *Growth of skeletal muscles and long bones *Cause amino acids to be built into proteins *stimulate most target cells to grow in size and divide *HELPS MAINTAIN BLOOD SUGAR
🗑
|
||||
| Prolactin (PRL) | Targets breast in humans milk prodcution no know function in males similar to GH
🗑
|
||||
| Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) | Regulates adrenal cortex (OUTSIDE) activity
🗑
|
||||
| Thyroid Stimulate Hormone (TSH) | Influences growth and activity of thyroid gland
🗑
|
||||
| Gonadotropic hormones | Regulates hormonal activity of Gonads *FEMALES Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) Luteinizing Hormone (LH) *MALES Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) LH= Interstitial cell stimulating hormone (ISCH)
🗑
|
||||
| Anterior Pituitary Gland = | Master Endocrine Gland
🗑
|
||||
| Hypothalamus makes | Oxytocin and Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
🗑
|
||||
| Posterior Pituitary Gland Stores | Oxytocin and Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
🗑
|
||||
| Oxytocin | *Released during childbirth and in nursing females *Stimulates contractions of uterus during child birth, during sexual relations, when breast feeding *Causes milk ejection (let-down reflex) when nursing *doesn't make the hormones it secretes
🗑
|
||||
| Antidiuretic hormone | Inhibits or prevents production of urine *Causes kidneys to absorb more water from forming urine so urine volume decrease and blood volume increases *Diuretics (drugs) antagonize effects of ADH so flush water from body
🗑
|
||||
| Thyroid Gland | *At base of throat inferior to adam's apple *2 lobes joined by an isthmus *makes thyroid hormone and calcitonin *is two iodine containing hormones Thyroxine Trilodothyronie T3
🗑
|
||||
| Calcitonin (Thyrocalcitonin) | decreases levels of blood calcium causes calcium to be deposited in bones *antagonist to parathyroid hormone *released into blood when blood calcium increase *Theory production is meager or ceases in elderly
🗑
|
||||
| Parathyroid Gland | On posterior thyroid gland *2 glands on each thyroid love 4 total * secrete parathyroid hormone=parathormone *regulates calcium levels in blood
🗑
|
||||
| adrenal cOrtex | glandular tissue Outside
🗑
|
||||
| adrenal medulla | neural tissue and INSIDE
🗑
|
||||
| Adrenal cortex produces 3 groups of steroid hormones | *Mineralocorticoids *glucocorticoids *Sex hormones outside to inner MGS= maple grove sucks
🗑
|
||||
| Mineralocorticoids | Aldosterone is made on the OUTERMOST layer *regulates salt content of blood *Regulate water and electrolyte balance in body fluids
🗑
|
||||
| Corticoids | produced in middle layer *cortison & cortisol *control inflammation by decreasing edema *reduce pain by prostaglandins *glucose release in the blood
🗑
|
||||
| Cortison vs Cortisol | Cortison= synthetic Cortisol = produced by body adrenals
🗑
|
||||
| Sex hormones | Produced by innermost layer of cortex
🗑
|
||||
| Androgens | male sex hormones
🗑
|
||||
| Estrogens | Female sex hormones
🗑
|
||||
| adreneal= | superrenal
🗑
|
||||
| addisons disease | not enough secretion hyposecretion of adrenal cortex hormones *Problems with electrolyte and water balance *muscle weakness, shock
🗑
|
||||
| Signs of addisons disease | Bronze skin tone * hypoglycemia *decreased ability to deal with stress * immune system suppression
🗑
|
||||
| Cushing's syndrome | tumor in middle layer of adrenal cortex *hypersecretion of aldosterone
🗑
|
||||
| Signs of cushing's syndrome | HTN *moon face *buffalo hump or fat on upper back *hyperglycemia and maybe DM *weak bones *depressed immune system
🗑
|
||||
| HTN= | hyper tension high blood pressure
🗑
|
||||
| Adrenal medulla | Nervous tissue (inside of adrenal gland)
🗑
|
||||
| catechoiamines | help body deal with short term stressor *stimulated by sympathetic nervous system
🗑
|
||||
| Pancreatic islets | Islets of langerhans endocrine part of pancreases eye lid *exocrine aspect of pancrease deals with digeston
🗑
|
||||
| Pancreatic islets hormones produced | insulin and glucagon insulin decreases bp ONLY hormones that decreases blood glucose
🗑
|
||||
| increased blood glucose creates.. | release of insulin from beta cells of islets
🗑
|
||||
| Diabetes Mellitus Dm | Normal blood glucose= 80-120 mg/100 ml bld *cells cant use glucose so fats and proteins are broken down and used for energy which causes weight loss
🗑
|
||||
| 3 Cardinal sighns of Dm | *Polyuria-excessive urination *Polydipsia-excessive thirst *Polyphagia-excessive hunger
🗑
|
||||
| What are the two types of Dm | Type 1= Juvenile onset=Insulin dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) Type 2= Adult onset = non insulin dependent diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM) may need insulin oral diabetic diet & exercise
🗑
|
||||
| Glucagon | Antagonizes insulin released by alpha cell of islets when glucose is low in blood
🗑
|
||||
| Hyperglycemia | raises blood sugar Target organ is the liver
🗑
|
||||
| Pineal Gland | Found in the third ventricle of brain secretes MELATONIN peaks at night so we get tired
🗑
|
||||
| Thymus gland | posterior to sternm large in infants and children decreases in size throughout adulthood produces Thymosin
🗑
|
||||
| Female gonads | ovaries produce female sex cell eggs/ova Produces estrogens and progesterone
🗑
|
||||
| Estrogen | Secondary sex characterstics growth reprodutive orans hair in pubic and axilla Estrone and estradiol which is more common
🗑
|
||||
| Progesterone | Prepares breast tissue for lactation
🗑
|
||||
| Placenta | Hormone prodced nutrion delivery system for fetus Human chroionic gonadotropin made by embryo and fetal part of placenta
🗑
|
||||
| testes | Suspeneded in scrotum produces androgens testosterone facial hair heavy bones stimulates male sex drive produces sperm
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
buch0127
Popular Science sets