Space Science Chapter 2 - moon, sun and earth
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| What direction is down on the Earth? | towards the center
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| The Earth rotates around an imaginary line running through the center called __________. | axis of rotation
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| The ends of the axis are called _______________. | north and south poles
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| How long does it take earth to rotate on its axis? | 24 hours
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| How many degrees is the earth tilted from its orbital plane? | 23 degrees
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| Without the sun's ____, earth would keep moving in a straight line into space. | gravitational pull
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| Patterns of temperature changes and other weather trends are called _________. | seasons
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| At an ___________, sunlight shines equally on the northern and southern hemispheres. | equinox
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| At a ________________, an area of sunlight is at a maximum in one hemisphere and at a minimum in the other. | solstice
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| What day of the month do equinoxes/solstices occur? | 21st
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| The ________ marks the beginning of autumn in the Northern Hemisphere and spring in the Southern hemisphere. | September Equinox
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| The ____________ is the Summer solstice in the southern hemisphere and the winter solstice in the northern hemisphere. | December Solstice
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| The ________ marks the beginning of spring in the Northern Hemisphere and autumn in the Southern hemisphere. | March Equinox
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| The ____________ is the summer solstice in the northern hemisphere and the winter solstice in the southern hemisphere. | June Solstice
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| As we approach summer, the sun appears to be ___________ in the sky each day. | higher
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| The more direct are the rays of the sun, the ____________ an area will become. | warmer
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| Earth is closet to the sun during what season? | winter
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| What are the two reasons Earth is warmer in summer than winter? | It's tilted toward the sun and it is receiving direct rays.
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| At any moment, half of the earth is in _____________ and the other half is in _______________. | daylight/ darkness
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| What keeps the earth from flying off in a straight line into space? | sun's gravity
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| How long does it take the Earth to complete its orbit around the sun? | 365 days
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| A completion of Earth's orbit around the sun is called a _______. | revolution
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| The word equinox means____________ | equal day and night
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| The word solstice means____________ | "sun stops"
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| At the summer solstice, the northern hemisphere is pointed ________. | Towards the sun.
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| On any day, the sun's rays feel hotter when it is ________ in the sky. | higher
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| The higher the sun, the __________ the shadow it casts. | shorter
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| Seasonal temperatures depend on ________ and ________. | 1. angle of the sun's rays
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| The longer the sun is out on any day, the ______ will be the temperature. | higher
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| AT the poles, the sun may never rise for months during _______ and may never set during __________. | winter/summer
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| Dark area on the moon's surface - | mare (maria, plural)
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| Light areas on the moon's surface | lunar highlands
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| Why does only one side of the moon face the earth? | Because the moon turns once on its own axis each time it orbits Earth.
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| What is the earth's satellite? | the moon
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| What keeps the moon orbiting around the earth> | gravity
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| What language what used to name structures on the moon? | Latin
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| These were formed on the moon's surface when small objects in space collided with the moon. | impact craters
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| Why are impact craters visible on the moon for long periods of time? | Because the moon has no water or air to wear away the craters.
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| The maria on the moon where caused by what? | Volcanic eruptions.
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| How long does it take the moon to orbit the earth? | 27.3 days
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| The lunar highlands on the moon were caused by_________ | impact craters
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| How much has the moon changed in the last hundred years? | The moon has not really changed for the past 3 billion years.
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| Lunar soil has been caused by________________. | weathering
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| The dark-colored rock that formed from lava is called _____________. | basalt
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| What is the outer-most layer of the moon called? | crust
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| What is the middle layer of the moon called? | mantle
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| What is the inner-most layer of the moon called? | core
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| The mantle is mostly made up of _______ and ________. | iron and magnesium
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| What moon rock do scientists think came from the mantle due to its element content? | basalt
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| What moon rock is found in the maria? | basalt
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| How is "moon light" generated? | Moonlight is really light from the sun reflected by the moon's surface.
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| What do we call the patters of lit and unlit portions of the moon that you see from earth? | lunar phases
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| The moon cycle begins with a _____ ______. | new moon
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| How does a new moon look from Earth? | It looks like there is no moon.
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| What do we call the moon when it is growing bigger? | waxing
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| At any given time, sunlight is shining on how much of the moon's surface? | half
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| What do we call the moon when it is getting smaller? | waning
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| What do we call it when the near side of the moon is more that half lit but not fully lit and is still waxing? | waxing gibbous moon
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| What do we call the moon when the whole near side is lit by the sun? | full moon
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| After a full moon when the moon appears to be shrinking, what do we call it? | waning gibbous moon
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| Name the lunar phases from New moon to New moon. | New moon - crescent - waxing gibbous - full - waning gibbous-crescent - new moon.
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| Crescent moons are most visible when? | Daytime or sunrise or sunset.
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| When are gibbous and full moons mostly visible? | nighttime
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| This occurs when a shadow makes the sun or the moon seem to grow dark. | eclipse
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| In a ________ eclipse, the sun seems to darken. | solar
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| In a ________eclipse, the moon seems to darken. | lunar
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| What is the darkest part of the earth's shadow called? | umbra
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| What is the lighter cone of the earth's shadow called? | penumbra
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| What causes tides on earth? | The moon's gravity
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| How many tides do you expect per day? | About 4
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Created by:
lisabilo
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