Thermal Energy Revie
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| What do we call the measure of the average kinetic energy of the atoms a substance is made up? | Temperature
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| How else can we describe what temperature is a measure of? | The speed at which a substances atoms move
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| On which scale does water freeze at 32 degrees? | Farenheit
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| On which scale does water freeze at 0 degrees? | Celsius
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| On which scale is Absolute Zero a temperature? | Kelvin
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| What tool is used to measure temperature? | Thermometer
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| What is the relationship between temperature and the speed of the atoms? | As temperature increases, the atoms move faster
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| What do we call the process that causes atoms to spread farther apart when heated? | Thermal Expansion
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| Which matter is the exception and will expand when it is cooled? | Water
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| What is absolute zero? | The lowest temperature on the Kelvin scale that represents particles with no kinetic energy.
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| What is the transfer of energy between objects that are at different temperatures called? | Heat
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| What is the direction of heat flow? | Warm --> Cool
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| What is the total kinetic energy of all the particles that make up an object? | Thermal Energy
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| Which has more thermal energy, a cup of water at 70 degrees Celsius or a lake at 70 degree celsius? | Lake (more atoms = more thermal energy)
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| What are 3 things that could happen when heat is added or removed from matter? | 1.expand 2.contract3.change state
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| Why do materials expand when their temperatures increase? | Its molecules speed up and move farther apart.
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| Why do materials contract when their temperatures decrease? | Its molecules slow down and move closer together.
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| What is the transfer of energy through matter or space as electromagnetic waves? | Radiation
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| What is the transfer of energy from one substance to another through direct contact? | Conduction
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| What is the transfer energy by the repeated rising and sinking of fluids called? | Convection
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| When heat is transferred by the actual movement of the warmed matter, it is called . . . ? | Convection
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| Which phase(s) of matter conducts thermal energy the best? | Solids
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| Which phase(s) of matter will allow thermal energy to be transferred by convection? | Fluids (liquids and gases)
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| Which method of heat transfer can move thermal energy through space (where there are no atoms)? | Radiation
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| Which method of heat transfer relies on density? | Convection
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| Why does heated matter rise? | Because it is less dense than the surrounding matter.
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| Why does cooled matter sink? | Because it is more dense than the surrounding matter.
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| What do we call matter that allows thermal energy to easily pass through? | Conductors
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| What do we call matter that allows little or no thermal energy to pass through? | Insulators
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| How is radiation different from conduction and convection? | Radiation does not need matter in order to transfer heat, convection and conduction do.
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| Why does conduction occur easily in solids? | The atoms and molecules are close to one another
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| Is it better to have heating vents at the floor in your house rather than near the ceiling? Explain | Near the floor because hot air rises
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| What does thermal energy depend on? | Mass (the NUMBER of atoms)
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| What does temperature depend on? | Speed
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| What is needed in order for a phase change to occur? | Change in Temperature or Heat
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| What do you call phase changes that absorb heat energy? | Endothermic
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| What do you call phase changes that release heat energy? | Exothermic
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| Which phase changes are always endothermic? | Evaporation and Melting
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| Which phase changes are always exothermic? | Freezing and Condensation
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| During which phase changes do the atoms always move closer together and slow down? | Freezing and Condensation
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| During which phase changes do the atoms always move farther apart and speed up? | Melting and Evaporation
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| What do we call a change in phase from liquid to solid? | Freezing
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| What do we call a change in phase from solid to gas or gas to solid? | Sublimation
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| What do we call a change in phase from gas to liquid? | Condensation
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| What do we call a change in phase from liquid to gas? | Evaporation
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| What do we call a phase change from solid to liquid? | Melting
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| Clouds are an example of...? | Condensation
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| Frost is an example of...? | Sublimation
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| The temperature at which a liquid turns to a solid is called matters...? | Freezing Point
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| The temperature at which a solid turns to a liquid is called matters....? | Melting Point
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| The temperature at which a liquid turns to a gas is called matters...? | Boiling Point
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| What is the freeing and melting point of water? | 0 degrees Celsius
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| What is the boiling point of water? | 100 degrees Celsius
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| Which 2 phase changes occur at the same temperature? | 1) Evaporation & Condensation 2) melting & Freezing
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| Where does boiling happen? | At the bottom of the liquid
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| Where does evaporation happen? | At the surface of the liquid
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| What is meant by states of matter? | Form (or phases)
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| hat are the 3 main states of matter? | Solid
Liquid
Gas
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| What state of matter has a definite shape AND definite volume? | Solid
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| What state of matter has an indefinite shape AND definite volume? | liquid
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| What state(s) of matter has an indefinite shape AND and indefinite volume? | Plasma and Gas
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| Which state(s) of matter take the shape of their container? | Gas and Liquid
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| Which states of matter have a definite volume? | Solid and Liquid
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| Which state of matter is made up of electrically charged particles? | Plasma
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| Rocks, bones and wood all represent... | Solids
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| Stars, lightening and the northern lights all represent: | Plasma
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| Water, Iced tea and Maple Syrup all represent: | Liquids
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| Helium, oxygen and carbon dioxide all represent: | Gases
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| Which state(s) of matter are made up of atoms that are VERY tightly packed and that vibrate in their fixed position? | Solids
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| Which state(s) of matter are made up of atoms that can flow over and under one another? | Liquids and gases
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| Which state of matter is always found at the lowest temperatures? | Solids
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| Which states of matter is made up of atoms that are the least dense? | Gas
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