Ancient Rome - Wilts
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| According to legend, who founded Rome? | Romulus and Remus in 753 B.C.
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| Who really founded Rome? | The first settlers of Rome were the Latins.
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| What group of people from northern Italy conquered Rome and had kings ruling over Rome? | Eutruscans
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| After the Romans overthrew the Eutruscan kings what did the form? | A republic
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| Why was Rome a good location to settle? | It had a mild climate, good farmland, and good defensive location.
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| Why was Rome in a good defensive position? | It was built on seven hills.
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| What river was next to Rome? | Tiber River
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| What advantages did the Tiber River provide Rome? | 1. Source of water for farming 2. Source of water for drinking 3. Way to travel 4. Ability to trade 5.Protection from invaders
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| What peninsula is Rome located? | Italian peninsula
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| What advantage did the peninsula provide Rome? | It made it easy for Rome to conquer other lands and develop new trade routes.
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| What two mountain ranges protected Rome? | Alps in the north and Apennines down the middle of Italy.
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| Why was it easier to farm in Italy than in Greece? | The mountains of Italy didn't separate early settlements like they did in Greece.
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| Who were the patricians? | Upper-class, wealthy land owners, held highest positions in the government
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| Who were the plebians? | common farmers, couldn't hold important government positions
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| What were the twelve tables? | Written laws that established basic rights and duties for Roman citizens.
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| What are the three branches of the Roman Government? | Executive, Legislative, Judicial Branches
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| Who made up the Executive branch? | Two consuls
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| Who made up the Legislative branch? | Senate and Assembly
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| Who made up the Judicial branch? | Eight judges
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| What was the responsibility of the two consuls? | led the government and commanded the army
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| What was the responsibility of the legislative branch? | Senate - advised consuls and set policies
Assemblies - made laws and selected officials
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| What was the responsibility of the judicial branch? | Oversaw courts and governed provinces
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| Who fought in the Punic War? | Rome and Carthage
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| Who won the Punic War? | Rome
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| In the second Punic War, Hannibal a general from Carthage crossed the Alps with what animals? | elephants
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| Civil War broke out in Rome because the gap between the patricians and plebians grew. Which group finally won the civil war? | patricians
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| Who was Julius Caesar? | Roman general with many talents and ambition. Caesar defeated the Gauls and became dictator of Rome. He was also a good politician.
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| Why was Julius Caesar killed? | Romans feared he was gaining too much power.
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| When was Caesar assassinated? | March 15th, 44 B.C.
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| Who was Julius Caesars great-nephew and adapted son who took over after Caesar? | Octavian who changed his name to Augustus.
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| Augustus' rule began a long period of peace and stability in Rome. What was that time of peace called? | Pax Romana
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| What were the major achievements of Augustus? | He rebuilt and beautified Rome and the military became strong.
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| What happened during the Pax Romana that improved life in Rome? | Agriculture and trade prospered. Industry grew.
A common money was used.
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| Who did the Romans borrow many of their religious beliefs? | Eutruscans and Greeks
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| What aspect of religion did the Romans get from the Greeks? | Romans used the same gods, but changed their names. Many of the Roman names are the names of the planets.
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| What are aqueduct? | Structures used to carry fresh water from springs, streams, and lakes into the city.
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| What took place at the Roman baths? | Socializing, baths, exercise, eating
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| What took place in the Colosseum? | Gladiator fights
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| Who were gladiators? | Slaves who were trained warriors that fought other gladiators or animals for the entertainment of the Romans.
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| What was the Circus Maximus? | An oval shaped stadium where chariot races took place.
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| What new religion spread in Rome that cause fear amongst the Romans? | Christianity
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| Christians were persecuted because of their faith. Which emperor ended the persecutions and made Christianity legal in Rome? | Constantine
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| Which Roman emperor made Christianity the official religion of Rome? | Theodosius
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| Who did the emperor Nero blame for the burning of Rome? | Christians
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| What problems weakened the Roman Empire? | Problems with agriculture, the economy, the military, and the political situation
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| What emperor divided the Roman empire into two halves the Western Roman Empire and Eastern Roman Empire. | Diocletion
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| What Empire did Diocletian keep control of? | Eastern
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| Which emperor reunited the Roman empire after Diocletian split it? | Constantine
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| Where did Constantine move the capital? | From Rome to Byzantium.
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| What did Constantine rename the capital? | Constantinople
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| What happened to the Roman empire after Constantine? | Constantine's three sons fought over control and the empire was permanently split into the eastern and western halves.
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| Why did the Western Roman empire weaken? | It had less secure borders, smaller cities, and was farther from trade routes.
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| What two groups moved into the Roman empire? | Germanic nomads and later the Huns.
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| How did the Western Roman empire end? | corrupt government, indifferent citizens, breakdown of society, and repeated barbarian invasions
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| What event marks the final fall of the Western Roman empire? | In A.D. 476 the last Roman emperor was removed from power.
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| The western Roman empire ended, but the eastern Roman empire lasted for how many more years? | 1,000 more years
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| What was the new name given to the eastern Roman empire? | Byzantine empire
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| Who was the Byzantine emperor? | Justinian
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| What was the code of laws called that Justinian created? | Justinian Code
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| How did the church divide during the Byzantine empire? | Eastern Orthodox Church and Roman Catholic Church
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| Who had the authority in the Eastern Roman Empire during Justinian's rule? | emperor
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| Who had the authority in the west during Justinian's rule? | pope
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| What new religion began in Arabia and lead to attacks on the Constantinople? | Islam (Muslims)
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| What finally ended the Byzantine empire? | Attack by Ottoman Turks
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Created by:
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