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Ancient Rome - Wilts
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| According to legend, who founded Rome? | Romulus and Remus in 753 B.C. |
| Who really founded Rome? | The first settlers of Rome were the Latins. |
| What group of people from northern Italy conquered Rome and had kings ruling over Rome? | Eutruscans |
| After the Romans overthrew the Eutruscan kings what did the form? | A republic |
| Why was Rome a good location to settle? | It had a mild climate, good farmland, and good defensive location. |
| Why was Rome in a good defensive position? | It was built on seven hills. |
| What river was next to Rome? | Tiber River |
| What advantages did the Tiber River provide Rome? | 1. Source of water for farming 2. Source of water for drinking 3. Way to travel 4. Ability to trade 5.Protection from invaders |
| What peninsula is Rome located? | Italian peninsula |
| What advantage did the peninsula provide Rome? | It made it easy for Rome to conquer other lands and develop new trade routes. |
| What two mountain ranges protected Rome? | Alps in the north and Apennines down the middle of Italy. |
| Why was it easier to farm in Italy than in Greece? | The mountains of Italy didn't separate early settlements like they did in Greece. |
| Who were the patricians? | Upper-class, wealthy land owners, held highest positions in the government |
| Who were the plebians? | common farmers, couldn't hold important government positions |
| What were the twelve tables? | Written laws that established basic rights and duties for Roman citizens. |
| What are the three branches of the Roman Government? | Executive, Legislative, Judicial Branches |
| Who made up the Executive branch? | Two consuls |
| Who made up the Legislative branch? | Senate and Assembly |
| Who made up the Judicial branch? | Eight judges |
| What was the responsibility of the two consuls? | led the government and commanded the army |
| What was the responsibility of the legislative branch? | Senate - advised consuls and set policies Assemblies - made laws and selected officials |
| What was the responsibility of the judicial branch? | Oversaw courts and governed provinces |
| Who fought in the Punic War? | Rome and Carthage |
| Who won the Punic War? | Rome |
| In the second Punic War, Hannibal a general from Carthage crossed the Alps with what animals? | elephants |
| Civil War broke out in Rome because the gap between the patricians and plebians grew. Which group finally won the civil war? | patricians |
| Who was Julius Caesar? | Roman general with many talents and ambition. Caesar defeated the Gauls and became dictator of Rome. He was also a good politician. |
| Why was Julius Caesar killed? | Romans feared he was gaining too much power. |
| When was Caesar assassinated? | March 15th, 44 B.C. |
| Who was Julius Caesars great-nephew and adapted son who took over after Caesar? | Octavian who changed his name to Augustus. |
| Augustus' rule began a long period of peace and stability in Rome. What was that time of peace called? | Pax Romana |
| What were the major achievements of Augustus? | He rebuilt and beautified Rome and the military became strong. |
| What happened during the Pax Romana that improved life in Rome? | Agriculture and trade prospered. Industry grew. A common money was used. |
| Who did the Romans borrow many of their religious beliefs? | Eutruscans and Greeks |
| What aspect of religion did the Romans get from the Greeks? | Romans used the same gods, but changed their names. Many of the Roman names are the names of the planets. |
| What are aqueduct? | Structures used to carry fresh water from springs, streams, and lakes into the city. |
| What took place at the Roman baths? | Socializing, baths, exercise, eating |
| What took place in the Colosseum? | Gladiator fights |
| Who were gladiators? | Slaves who were trained warriors that fought other gladiators or animals for the entertainment of the Romans. |
| What was the Circus Maximus? | An oval shaped stadium where chariot races took place. |
| What new religion spread in Rome that cause fear amongst the Romans? | Christianity |
| Christians were persecuted because of their faith. Which emperor ended the persecutions and made Christianity legal in Rome? | Constantine |
| Which Roman emperor made Christianity the official religion of Rome? | Theodosius |
| Who did the emperor Nero blame for the burning of Rome? | Christians |
| What problems weakened the Roman Empire? | Problems with agriculture, the economy, the military, and the political situation |
| What emperor divided the Roman empire into two halves the Western Roman Empire and Eastern Roman Empire. | Diocletion |
| What Empire did Diocletian keep control of? | Eastern |
| Which emperor reunited the Roman empire after Diocletian split it? | Constantine |
| Where did Constantine move the capital? | From Rome to Byzantium. |
| What did Constantine rename the capital? | Constantinople |
| What happened to the Roman empire after Constantine? | Constantine's three sons fought over control and the empire was permanently split into the eastern and western halves. |
| Why did the Western Roman empire weaken? | It had less secure borders, smaller cities, and was farther from trade routes. |
| What two groups moved into the Roman empire? | Germanic nomads and later the Huns. |
| How did the Western Roman empire end? | corrupt government, indifferent citizens, breakdown of society, and repeated barbarian invasions |
| What event marks the final fall of the Western Roman empire? | In A.D. 476 the last Roman emperor was removed from power. |
| The western Roman empire ended, but the eastern Roman empire lasted for how many more years? | 1,000 more years |
| What was the new name given to the eastern Roman empire? | Byzantine empire |
| Who was the Byzantine emperor? | Justinian |
| What was the code of laws called that Justinian created? | Justinian Code |
| How did the church divide during the Byzantine empire? | Eastern Orthodox Church and Roman Catholic Church |
| Who had the authority in the Eastern Roman Empire during Justinian's rule? | emperor |
| Who had the authority in the west during Justinian's rule? | pope |
| What new religion began in Arabia and lead to attacks on the Constantinople? | Islam (Muslims) |
| What finally ended the Byzantine empire? | Attack by Ottoman Turks |
Created by:
wiltsb
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