B-review Anat
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| Embryologically gave rise to dorsal and ventral mm? | Dorsal = epimericVentral = hypomeric
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| bones from endochondral ossification | all BUT clavicle and flat bones of skull...these are intramembranous
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| gubernaculum in males becomes | scrotal lig.
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| gubernaculum in females become | suspensory lig of ovary, ovarian lig., round lig of uterus
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| embriclogically gives ise to adranal medulla | neuro crest cells of ectoderm
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| Embriologically forms tube structures | endoderm
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| ebriologically forms skin | surface ectoderm
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| embriologically forms adrenal cortex | lateral plate mesoderm
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| embriologically forms kidneys | intermediate urogenital mesoderm
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| responsible for voice production | glottis
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| oblique line of thyroid cart. provides attachment for | inferior constrictor of pharynx, sternothyroidthyrohyoid
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| stenson's duct | parotid gland (2nd molar)
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| wharton's duct | submandibular
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| bartholin's duct | sublingual
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| wirsungs duct | main pancratic
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| santorini duct | accessory pancreatic
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| chief cells secrete | pepsinogen
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| parietal cells aka and secretions | oxnytic...HCl, Intrinsic Factor
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| argentaffin cells | seratonin
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| Found in the Carotid triangle of the anterior neck from lateral to medial | internal jugular veincarotidarteryvagus nerve
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| contents of the subocciital triangle | suboccipital nervevertebral artery
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| aka for suboccipital nerve | dorsal primary ramus of C1
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| nerve that appears inferior to SOT | greater occipital nerve
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| retroperioneal organs | kidney, adrenalspancreascolon (ascending/descending), duodenumAorta, IVC
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| Foramen of winslow | Epiglotic foramen...bwteen greater/lesser peritoneal sacs
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| center organ for mediastinum... | heart....other parts are anterior middle superior posteriors
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| Portion of mediastinum the thymus os located in | Anterior and superior
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| mm found in the atria of heart | pectinate
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| mm walls in ventricles of heart | papillary mm
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| lung lobe with horizontal fissure...at what level | right...T6 or 4th rib anteriorly
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| rotator cuff mm innervated by suprascapular nerve | supraspinatus, infraspinatus
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| rotator cuff mm innervated by axillary n. | teres minor
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| rotator cuff mm innervated by subscapular n | subscapularis
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| rotator cuff mm inserted on the lesser tub | subscpularis
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| contents of the quadrangular space of the arm | posterior humeral circumflex arteryaxillary nerve
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| contents of the triangular space of the arm | circumflex scapular artery
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| contents of the triangular interval of the arm | profunda brachii arteryradial nerve
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| borders of triangular interval | teres major,longheadoftricepsmedialhead of triceps
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| what is found above and below the transverse scapular ligament | above: suprascapular arterybelow: suprascapular nerve
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| contents of the carpal tunnel | 4 flexor digitorum profundus4 flexor digitorum superficiallis1 flexor policus longusmedian nerve
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| mm to unlock the knee | popliteus...medial rot of tibia
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| what peirces diaphram and at what level | T8 inferior vena cava...central tendonT10 esophagus...T12 Aorta...
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| Crus of the diaphram at what levels? | R-L1-3L- L1-2
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| Arrcuate ligaments of diaphram contain: | medial = psoas fascialateral= quadratus fasciaMedian = aorta?
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| name the 4 fontanels of the skull in order from first to close to last to close | lambda...2 monthpterion...3 monthsasterion...1 yrbregma...2 yr
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| bones form the orbit | frontal, maxillary, lacrimal, sphenoidethmoid, zygomatic, palatine
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| what cranial bones do not articulate with the keystone bone of the skull? | sphenoid....nasal, mandible, lacrimal, inferior nasal conchamalleus, stapes, incus
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| in the vetebral segment, what makes up the neural arch? | 2 pedicles and 2 lamina
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| vertebral level the vertebral artery stops traveling through the transverse foramen | does not go through at C7...but the vertebral vein does!
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| lumbar vertebra superior facets face? | concaved and face posteriormedial
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| lumbar vertebra inferior facets face? | convex and face anterolateral
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| posterior longitudinal ligament of spine is continuous with what other ligament | tectorial membrane (clivus to C1)
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| supraspinatous ligament attaches? | tips of spinous processes C7-S1
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| supraspinatous ligament is continuous with what? | ligamentum Nuchae (EOP-C7)
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| ligament connecting adjecent lamina | Ligamentum flavum...elastic fibers...yellow
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| number of ribs articulating with the manubrium...body of sternum....and sternum | m: 4b: 12s: 14
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| bones form the orbit | frontal, maxillary, lacrimal, sphenoidethmoid, zygomatic, palatine
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| what cranial bones do not articulate with the keystone bone of the skull? | sphenoid....nasal, mandible, lacrimal, inferior nasal conchamalleus, stapes, incus
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| in the vetebral segment, what makes up the neural arch? | 2 pedicles and 2 lamina
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| vertebral level the vertebral artery stops traveling through the transverse foramen | does not go through at C7...but the vertebral vein does!
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| lumbar vertebra superior facets face? | concaved and face posteriormedial
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| lumbar vertebra inferior facets face? | convex and face anterolateral
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| posterior longitudinal ligament of spine is continuous with what other ligament | tectorial membrane (clivus to C1)
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| supraspinatous ligament attaches? | tips of spinous processes C7-S1
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| supraspinatous ligament is continuous with what? | ligamentum Nuchae (EOP-C7)
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| ligament connecting adjecent lamina | Ligamentum flavum...elastic fibers...yellow
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| number of ribs articulating with the manubrium...body of sternum....and sternum | m: 4b: 12s: 14
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| mm attached to the coracoid process | pec minorshort head brachiicoracobrachialis
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| what articulates with the capitulum? | capitulum = lateral notch of distal ulnaarticulates with head of radius
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| contents of the cubital fossa of arm | tendon of biceps brachiibrachial arterymedian nerve
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| proximal row of carpals medial to lateral | pisiformtriquetrallunatescaphoid
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| distal row of carpals medial to latersl | hamatecapitatetrapezoidtrapezium
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| Greater and lesser tubercle on humerusgreater and lesser trochanter on femur | lesser is anterior, mediallesser is posterior, medial, inferior
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| metacarpals articulating with hamate | 5 and 4
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| carpal bone articulating with the 3rd metacarpal | capitate
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| three types of fiberous joints | suture...scullsyndesmosis...interosseous membranegomphoses...teeth
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| type of joint in epiphyseal plates costochondral articfirst rib and manubrium | primary cartilaginoussynchondrosis
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| joint class for IVD'ssymphysis pubismanubriosternal | secondary cartilaginoussymphysisamphiarthrosis
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| type of material in cartilaginous joints (primary and secondary) | 1=hyalin bone-hyaline cart-bone2= bone-hyaline-fibrocart-hyaline-bone
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| classify the elbow joint | uniaxialhingeginglymus
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| classify the atlantoaxial joint | uniaxialpivottrochoid
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| clasify the zygapophyseal joint, SI,sternocostal | uniaxialgliding jointplane
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| classifythe metacarpophalangealjointknee joint | biaxialcondyloidellipsoidal
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| classify the thumb jointsterno clavicular | biaxialsaddlesellar joint
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| classify the shoulder joint | multiaxialballand socketspheroid
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| NT at the Neuromuscular junction and classification of receptor | ACH...nicotinic
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| term for one motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it innervates | motor unit
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| muscle(s) to depress mandible | lateral pterygoid digastricplatysma
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| extrinsic eye muscle innervations | SO4 LR6 All else3
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| brachial plexus travels between what mm and what follows with it | anterior and middle scalenephrenic nerve
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| lateral border of snuff box | adductor pollicis longusextensor pollicis brevis
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| medial border of snuff box | extensor pollicis longus
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| mm attached to lesser trochanter of femur | ilicuspsoas
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| mm with dual innervation of upper extremity | subscap (upper and lower subscap)pec major (med and lat pec)brachialis (mc and radial)flexor digitorum profundus (med and ulnar)
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| mm with dual innervation of lower extremity | pectineus (femoral, obturator)adductor magnus (obturator, tibial)biceps femoris (common peroneal, tibial)peroneus (superficial, deep peroneal nerves)
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| mm attached to mastoid process | SCMdigastricsplenius capitislongissimus capitis
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| mm laterally rotate humerus | infraspinatussupraspinatus teres minor deloid
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| mm medially rotate humerus | subscapularis teres major pec major deltoid
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| location of cephalic vein in arm | between triceps and biceps runs over pec minor and major
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| subclavian artery changes to axillary where? | after it passes under clavicle
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| the axillary artery is split into 3 parts by what landmark? | 1=before pec minor2= under pec minor3= once it passes pec minor
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| cephalic vein empties into what? where? | Axillary veinafter it passes over pec minor
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| basilic vein becomes what?when? | axillary vein at lower margin of teres major
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| mm attached to medial epicondyle of humerus | flexor carpi radialis palmaris longus flexor carpi ulnaris flexor digitorum superficialis pronator teres
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| mm attached to lateral epicondyle of humerus | brachioradialus brevis Supinator Extensor carpi rad longus extensor carpi rad brevis extensor carpi ulnaris extensor digitorum communis extensor digiti minimi
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| mm to flex elbow | brachialis biceps brachii brachioradialis pronator teres
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| mm attached to ASIS | tensor fasciae latae sartorius inguinal lig
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| dually innervated mm of upper extremity | digastric (CN5and7)trapssubscapularis pec major brachialis
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| mm on greater tubricle of humerus lateral to medial | supraspinatus infraspinatus teres minor (all lateral rotators)
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| mm to remove to see suboccipital triangle | semispinalis capitis splenius capitis trapezium
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| nerves to diaphrahm | phrenic C3,4,5 "C3,4,5 to keep diaphram alive"
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| contraction of diaphrahm with ___ thoracic volume and ____ intrathoracic pressure | increase decrease
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| termination of the posterior rectus sheath below this ling most abdominal hernias occur | arcuate line
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| location of the arcuate line | 1/2 way between umbilicus and pubis...iliac crest
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| inguinal ligament is a continuation of what | external abdominal oblique
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| cremaster m continuation of what | internal abdominal oblique
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| erector spinae from medial to lateral | spinalis longissimus iliocostalis
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| mm with tendonous band in it | semispinalis capitis rectus abdominus
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| what suspends spinal cord within dural sac | denticulate ligaments
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| lateral horn of spinal cord carries what type of information and is found at what level of spinal cord? | GVET1-L2
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| number of spinal nerves | 31 pair
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| bell-magendie law | dorsal root = sensory infoventral root = motor info
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| medial and lateral branches of dorsal rami innervate what? | medial; superior to T6 sensory inferior to T6 motorLateral; visa versa
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| what connects spinal nerve to paravertebral ganglia and where is it found? | white rami of ANS....only T1-L2
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| connects paravertebral ganglia to spinal nerve and where is it located | gray rami...all throughout spinal cord
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| cervical plexus is formed by what? | ventral rami of spinal nerves (sensory only)
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| what is the ansa cervicalis located on? and what nerves make it up? | c1-3 found over internal jugular vein
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| what is the phrenic nerve found on? and what nerves make it up? | C3-5anterior scalene
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| nerves of posterior neck from medial to lateral | 3rd occipital greater occipital lesser occipital greater auricular
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| Cords of the brachial plexus are named according to association with what? | axillary artery
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| nerve innervates the short head of biceps femoris | common peroneal...not tibial
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| location of parasympathetic neurons | brain stem and sacral segments S2-4
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| sympathetic stim of T1-4 targets | head, heart, lungs
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| sympathetic stim of T3-6 targets | upper limbs
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| sympathetic stim of T4-9 targets | abdominal viscera
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| sympathetic stim of T8-L1 targets | adrenal gland
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| sympathetic stim of T11-L2 targets | urinary bladder, prostate, reproductive organs
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| no parasympathetic input to | sweat glands arrector pili mm sm mm in blood vessels of skin/sk mm upper/lower limbs
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| parasymp ganglia for CN 3 | edinger westphall nucleusin midbrain
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| parasymp ganglia for CN 7 | superior salivatory nuc located in pons
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| parasymp ganglia for CN 9 | inferior salivatory nucleus located in medulla
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| parasymp ganglia for cN 10 | dorsal motor nucleus of vagus beneath floor of fourth ventricle...medulla
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