NALA Latin legal vocabulary list
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a fortiori | with stronger reason
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a priori | from what goes before; from the cause to the effect
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ab initio | from the beginning
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actiones in personam | personal actions
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ad curiam | before the court, to the court
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ad damnum clause | to the damage, clause of complaint which states plaintiff's monetary loss
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ad faciendum | to do
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ad hoc | for this purpose, for this occasion
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ad litem | for the suit; for the litigation
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ad rem | to the thing at hand
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ad valorem | according to the value
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adversus | against
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aggregatio menium | meeting of minds (relates to formation of contracts)
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alias dictus | otherwise called, also known as (as in an assumed name)
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alibi | in another place, elsewhere
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aliunde | from another place, from without (as in evidence outside the document)
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alter ego | the other self
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amicus curiae | friend of the court
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animo | with intention, disposition, design, will
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ante litem motam | before suit brought, before litigation is filed
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arguendo | in the course of the argument, for the sake of argument
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assumpsit | he undertook, he promised
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bona fide | good faith
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capias | take, arrest
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capita | persons, heads
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causa mortis | by reason of death
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caveat | beware, a warning
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caveat emptor | let the buyer beware
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certiorari | send the pleadings up
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cestui | beneficiaries (pronounced "setty")
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cestui que trust | beneficiaries of the trust
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circa | in the area of, about, concerning
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compos mentis | of sound mind
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consortium | union of lots or chances; conjugal fellowship of husband and wife
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contra | against
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coram nobis | before us ourselves
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corpus | body
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corpus delicti | body of the offense; essence of the crime
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cum testamento annexo | with the will annexed
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datum (pl. data) | 1. a thing given; information; 2. a date
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de facto | in fact, in deed, actually
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de jure | of right, lawful
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de novo | anew, afresh
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de son tort | of his own wrong
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dies non | not a day
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duces tecum | bring with you (as in subpoenaed person must appear and bring records)
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dum bene se gesserit | while he shall conduct himself, during good behavior
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e converso | conversely, on the other hand
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en banc | in the bench, all judges present
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eo instanti | upon the instant
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erratum (pl. errata) | error
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et alii | and others
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et sequentia | and as follows
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et ux | and wife
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et vir | and husband
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ex delicto | (arising) from a tort
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ex gratia | as a matter of favor
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ex officio | from office, by virtue of his office
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ex parte | one side only, by or for one party only
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ex post facto | after the fact
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facto | in fact, in or by the law
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felonice | feloniously
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fiat | let it be done, a short order that a thing be done
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fieri | to be made up, to become
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fieri facias | cause to be made (writ directing sheriff to reduce judgment debtor's property to money [sell it] for the amount of the judgment)
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flagrante delicto | in the very act of committing the crime
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forum non conveniens | discretionary power of a court to decline jurisdiction over a case when the court believes it should be tried elsewhere for convenience of parties and witnesses
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gravis | serious, of importance
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habeas corpus | you have the body (writ commanding custodian to produce person)
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habendum clause | that part of deed which begins "to have and to hold"; defines extent of ownership
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honorarium | honorary fee or gift; compensation of gratitude
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idem | the same as above
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idem sonans | having the same sound (sounding alike but spelled differently)
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in curia | in court
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in esse | in being, existence
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in forma pauperis | permission given to a poor person to sue without liability for court costs
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infra | beneath, below
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in limine | at the beginning; threshold
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in loco parentis | in place of a parent, one charged with a parent's rights and obligations
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in pari delicto | in equal fault
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in personam | personally, against the person
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in praesenti | at once, now
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in re | in the matter
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in rem | proceedings against a thing, distinguished from those against a person
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in specie | in the same or in similar form
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instanter | immediately
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inter alia, inter alios | among other things, between other persons
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inter se | among themselves
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inter vivos | between the living, from one person to another
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in toto | in the whole, completely
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in transitu | in transit
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intra | within, inside
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ipse dixit | he himself said (it), as an assertion made but not proved
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a fortiori | with stronger reason
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a priori | from what goes before; from the cause to the effect
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ab initio | from the beginning
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actiones in personam | personal actions
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ad curiam | before the court, to the court
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ad damnum clause | to the damage, clause of complaint which states plaintiff's monetary loss
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ad faciendum | to do
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ad hoc | for this purpose, for this occasion
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ad litem | for the suit; for the litigation
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ad rem | to the thing at hand
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ad valorem | according to the value
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adversus | against
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aggregatio menium | meeting of minds (relates to formation of contracts)
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alias dictus | otherwise called, also known as (as in an assumed name)
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alibi | in another place, elsewhere
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aliunde | from another place, from without (as in evidence outside the document)
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alter ego | the other self
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amicus curiae | friend of the court
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animo | with intention, disposition, design, will
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ante litem motam | before suit brought, before litigation is filed
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arguendo | in the course of the argument, for the sake of argument
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assumpsit | he undertook, he promised
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bona fide | good faith
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capias | take, arrest
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capita | persons, heads
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causa mortis | by reason of death
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caveat | beware, a warning
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caveat emptor | let the buyer beware
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certiorari | send the pleadings up
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cestui | beneficiaries (pronounced "setty")
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cestui que trust | beneficiaries of the trust
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circa | in the area of, about, concerning
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compos mentis | of sound mind
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consortium | union of lots or chances; conjugal fellowship of husband and wife
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contra | against
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coram nobis | before us ourselves
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corpus | body
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corpus delicti | body of the offense; essence of the crime
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cum testamento annexo | with the will annexed
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datum (pl. data) | 1. a thing given; information; 2. a date
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de facto | in fact, in deed, actually
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de jure | of right, lawful
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de novo | anew, afresh
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de son tort | of his own wrong
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dies non | not a day
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duces tecum | bring with you (as in subpoenaed person must appear and bring records)
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dum bene se gesserit | while he shall conduct himself, during good behavior
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e converso | conversely, on the other hand
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en banc | in the bench, all judges present
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eo instanti | upon the instant
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erratum (pl. errata) | error
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et alii | and others
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et sequentia | and as follows
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et ux | and wife
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et vir | and husband
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ex delicto | (arising) from a tort
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ex gratia | as a matter of favor
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ex officio | from office, by virtue of his office
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ex parte | one side only, by or for one party only
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ex post facto | after the fact
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facto | in fact, in or by the law
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felonice | feloniously
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fiat | let it be done, a short order that a thing be done
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fieri | to be made up, to become
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fieri facias | cause to be made (writ directing sheriff to reduce judgment debtor's property to money [sell it] for the amount of the judgment)
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flagrante delicto | in the very act of committing the crime
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forum non conveniens | discretionary power of a court to decline jurisdiction over a case when the court believes it should be tried elsewhere for convenience of parties and witnesses
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gravis | serious, of importance
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habeas corpus | you have the body (writ commanding custodian to produce person)
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habendum clause | that part of deed which begins "to have and to hold"; defines extent of ownership
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honorarium | honorary fee or gift; compensation of gratitude
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idem | the same as above
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idem sonans | having the same sound (sounding alike but spelled differently)
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in curia | in court
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in esse | in being, existence
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in forma pauperis | permission given to a poor person to sue without liability for court costs
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infra | beneath, below
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in limine | at the beginning; threshold
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in loco parentis | in place of a parent, one charged with a parent's rights and obligations
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in pari delicto | in equal fault
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in personam | personally, against the person
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in praesenti | at once, now
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in re | in the matter
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in rem | proceedings against a thing, distinguished from those against a person
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in specie | in the same or in similar form
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instanter | immediately
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inter alia, inter alios | among other things, between other persons
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inter se | among themselves
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inter vivos | between the living, from one person to another
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in toto | in the whole, completely
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in transitu | in transit
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intra | within, inside
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ipse dixit | he himself said (it), as an assertion made but not proved
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ipso facto | by the fact itself
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ita est | so it is
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jura personarum | right of a person, rights of persons
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jura rerum | rights of things
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jure divino | by divine right
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jure uxoris | in his wife's right
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jus (pl. jura) | law; right; laws collectively
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jus ad rem | a right to a thing
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jus commune | the common law, the common right
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jus gentium | the law of nations, international law
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jus habendi | the right to have a thing
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jus tertii | the right of a third party; the rights of another person
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levari facias | cause to be levied, a writ of execution
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lex | law
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lex loci | law of the place where the cause of action arose
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lis pendens | litigation pending
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locus delicti | the place of the crime or of the tort
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locus sigilli (L.S.) | the place for the seal
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mala | bad
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mala fides | bad faith
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mala in se | wrong in itself, an act which is morally wrong
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mala praxis | malpractice
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mala prohibita | acts declared as criminal by statute, though not wrong in themselves
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malo animo | with evil intent
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mandamus | we command, a writ used to compel an official to perform an act which s/he is required to perform
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manu forti | with a strong hand, forcible entry
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mens rea | guilty mind, most crimes require the element of intent
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nihil dicit | he says nothing, as in a default judgment against a defendant who does not raise a defense in the action
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nil | nothing; of no account
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nil debet | he owes nothing
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nisi prius | unless before (used to distinguish the trial court from the appellate court)
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nolle prosequi | unwilling to prosecute (a crime), prosecutor's discretion not to file charges in a particular case
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nolo contendere | I will not contest it
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non | not
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non assumpsit | plea in defense; that he did not promise
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non compos mentis | not of sound mind
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non est factum | it is not his deed
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non obstante | notwithstanding
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non sequitur | it does not follow
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nota bene (N.B.) | note well; take notice
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nudum pactum | nude pact, bare agreement which lacks the consideration to form a valid contract
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nul tort | no wrong done
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nulla bona | no goods
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nunc pro tunc | now for then, as in an order to correct clerical error in a previous order
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obiter dictum | remark which is not central to the main issue
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onus probandi | the burden of proof
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opus (pl. opera) | work, labor
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ore tenus | by word of mouth, orally
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pari delicto | in equal guilt
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pari passu | by equal progress, ratably, equitably, without preference
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pater familias | father of the family
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peculium | private property
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pendens | pending
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pendente lite | pending the suit, during litigation
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per annum | annual, by the year
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per capita | by the head, equally shared
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per contra | in opposition
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per curiam | by the court
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per diem | by the day
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per se | by itself, taken alone
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per stirpes | by representation, by the roots or stocks for purposes of inheritance
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post | after, later
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post-factum | after the fact, after the even
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post-obit | to take effect after death
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praecipe | writ commanding a person to do some act or to appear and show cause why s/he should not do so; order of clerk of court to issue a summons or execution on judgment already rendered
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prima facie | at first sight, on the face of it
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pro bono | free of charge, without cost
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pro forma | as a matter of form
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pro hac vice | for this occasion
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pro rata | according to the rate or proportion
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pro se | appearing for oneself; personally
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pro tanto | for so much, to that extent
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pro tempore | for the time being, temporarily
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prochein ami | next friend
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publici juris | of public right
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pur autre vie | for or during the life of another
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quaere | question, doubt
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quantum | how much, the amount
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quare | wherefore
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quare clausum fregit | breaking the close, trespass
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quasi | as if, as if it were
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quid pro quo | what for what, something for something
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quo warranto | by what right or authority
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res | thing, object, subject matter
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res gestae | things done, excited utterance
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res ipsa loquitur | the thing speaks for itself
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res judicata | a thing (matter) adjudged
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respondeat superior | let the master answer
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scienter | knowledge, awareness
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scilicet | to wit, that is to say, namely
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scintilla | a spark, the least particle
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scire facias | cause to know, give notice (writ used to revive a dormant/expired judgement)
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secundum | according to
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se defendendo | in self-defense
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semper | always
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seriatim | severally, separately
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sic | thus, so, in such manner (indicates error in original, quoted material)
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sigillum | a seal
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sine | without
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sine die | without a day, without a specific day assigned for a future meeting
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sine qua non | that without which a thing cannot occur; indispensable condition or part
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stare decisis | to abide by decided cases
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status quo | state in which, present state
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sua sponte | voluntarily, of his own will and motion
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sub nomine | under the name of, in the name of, under the title of
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sub silentio | under silence, without any notice being taken
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sui generis | of its own kind or class, the only one of a kind, unique
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sui juris | of his own right, having legal capacity to act for himself
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supersedeas | superseding (as in the bond that accompanies a writ commanding a stay of proceedings pending appeal)
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supra | above, cited in full above
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tenere | to hold, to keep
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terminus a quo | the starting point
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ultra | beyond, in excess of, outside of
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ultra vires | without power, beyond the powers of
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venire facias | that you cause to come, a type of summons
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versus | against
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videlicet (viz.) | it is easy to see, that is to say, namely
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vi et armis | by force and arms
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vis-a-vis | one who (that which) is face to face with another
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vivos | living
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voir dire | to speak the truth, the process used to select jurors
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