Skull
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| What is the routine for skull? | Townes, Right Lateral, Left Lateral, PA(SMV @ POI & TLI)
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| In the Townes (AP Axial), the patient is placed ______ with the ______ perpendicular. | Supine, IOML
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| The central ray is angled ____ degrees _____ in the Townes AP axial of the skull. | 37; caudal
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| Where does the central ray enter in the Townes AP axial of the skull? | Enters approx. 2-21/2" above the glabella
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| The CR exits the _____ _____ in the Townes skull. | foramen magnum
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| What is being demonstrated in the Townes skull. | Dorsum sellaeand posterior clinoid processes visible within foramen magnum, occipital bone, poserior portion of parietal bones
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| What view is being described:Patient prone, head rested on forehead and nose. OML and MSP perpendicular. CR perpendicular through nasion. | PA
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| What line is also known as the radiographic baseline? | OML - orbitomeatal line
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| OML is the abbreviation of _______ _____. | orbitomeatal line
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| What is demonstrated in the PA skull. | Frontal bone, petrous ridges filling the orbits, crista galli, ethmoid sinus, dorsum sellae
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| If the patient is unable to do PA skull, what can be done? | AP skull
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| I the patient is unable to be placed in AP axial Townes, what can be done? | PA Haas method
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| IOML | infraorbitomeatal line
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| In this projection the mandibular rami, orbital roofs, mastoids, EAM, TMJ's are superimposed, Dorsum sellae is viewed, sella turcica seen in profile. | Right/Left lateral
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| In the cross table lateral what is best demonstrated? | sphenoid sinus effusion which is indicative of a basilar skull fracture
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| In the right/left lateral, the patient is prone, the MSP is ____, IOML is _____, and the IPL is ______. | horizontal, parallel, perpendicular
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| The CR enters ______. | Perpendicular to 2" superior to the EAM
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| How would your CR enter if the main purpose was to examine the sella turcica in the right/left lateral? | CR enter 3/4" superior and 3/4" anterior to the EAM
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| EAM | external auditory meatus
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| CR perpendicular to IOML through sella turcica3/4" anterior to EAM and entering between angles of mandible. What view is being described? | SMV
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| SMV is also known as?? | Schuller method or submentovertical projection
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| Describe the positioning for the SMV of skull. | Patient supine or upright. Center MSP to film. Extend neck as far back as possible and rest head on vertex. MSP perpendicular. IOML parallel
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| What is demonstrated in the SMV skull. | Superimposition of mandibular symphysis over anterior frontal bone, sphenoidal sinuses, cranial base, foramen ovale and spinosum
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| If the SMV is contraindicated by the patients condition, what should be done? | VSM (verticosubmental projection)
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