Vocabulary for Matter and Elements
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| matter | anything that has mass and takes up space
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| mass | the material that matter is made up of
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| volume | how much room or space matter takes up
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| density | the amount of material or stuff matter takes up within a specific space. The formula is Mass divided by Volume
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| atom | the smallest part of an element
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| electrons | part of an element with a negative charge. it creates eveything in the universe.
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| protons | part of an element with a positive charge
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| neutron | particle of element with a neutral charge
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| periodic table | a large chart that organizes all of the elements
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| element | a pure substance that cannot be broken down
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| periods/rows | rows that tell how many energy levels each element has
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| group/family/column | columns that tell how many valence electrons each element has
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| valence electrons | electrons on the outer shell of the atom
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| atomic number | how many protons an element has inside the nucleaus / usually is the same number of neutrons and electrons
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| atomic mass | the measurement of the mass for an elements atoms
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| chemical property | the ability of substances to combine with one another, forming new and different compunds and molecules
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| physical property | the state of matter and apperance of a substance
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| ionic bond | when elements either lose or gain an electron during bonding
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| covalent bond | when elements share electrons during bonding
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| chemical change/reaction | elements bond together through the attractive force of electrons creating some type of reaction and change
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| compound/molecule | two or more elements combine together in a specific ratio/pattern creating a whole, new and different substance
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| mixture | two or more substances combine together keeping their original properties, they do not change into a new substance/compound
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| nobel gases | All of the elements in group #18- they are the most stable elements because they have eight electrons in their outer shell
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| halogens | All of the elements in group #17- they are very active, bonding easily with elements in group #1 because they have 7 electrons and want to be stable
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| alkali metals | All of the elements in group #1- they are very active because they only have one electron
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| metalloids | elements between metals and non-metals that can react either way, they have 3-7 valence electrons
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