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~*Periodic Table*~

Vocabulary for Matter and Elements

TermDefinition
matter anything that has mass and takes up space
mass the material that matter is made up of
volume how much room or space matter takes up
density the amount of material or stuff matter takes up within a specific space. The formula is Mass divided by Volume
atom the smallest part of an element
electrons part of an element with a negative charge. it creates eveything in the universe.
protons part of an element with a positive charge
neutron particle of element with a neutral charge
periodic table a large chart that organizes all of the elements
element a pure substance that cannot be broken down
periods/rows rows that tell how many energy levels each element has
group/family/column columns that tell how many valence electrons each element has
valence electrons electrons on the outer shell of the atom
atomic number how many protons an element has inside the nucleaus / usually is the same number of neutrons and electrons
atomic mass the measurement of the mass for an elements atoms
chemical property the ability of substances to combine with one another, forming new and different compunds and molecules
physical property the state of matter and apperance of a substance
ionic bond when elements either lose or gain an electron during bonding
covalent bond when elements share electrons during bonding
chemical change/reaction elements bond together through the attractive force of electrons creating some type of reaction and change
compound/molecule two or more elements combine together in a specific ratio/pattern creating a whole, new and different substance
mixture two or more substances combine together keeping their original properties, they do not change into a new substance/compound
nobel gases All of the elements in group #18- they are the most stable elements because they have eight electrons in their outer shell
halogens All of the elements in group #17- they are very active, bonding easily with elements in group #1 because they have 7 electrons and want to be stable
alkali metals All of the elements in group #1- they are very active because they only have one electron
metalloids elements between metals and non-metals that can react either way, they have 3-7 valence electrons
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