Chapter 3 Lessons 3 & 4
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| why do all cells need energy | In order to carry out their functions, such as making proteins and transporting substances into and out of the cell.
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| photosynthesis | the process by which a cell captures energy in sunlight and uses it to make food
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| sources of energy | direct and indirect
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| example of an organism that obtains direct energy from the sun | grass
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| example of an organism that obtains indirect energy from the sun | animals
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| autotroph | an organism that makes its own food
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| heterotroph | an organism that cannot make its own food
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| two ways that heterotrophs obtain their food | eating other organisms, absorbing their food from other organisms
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| 2 stages of photosynthesis |
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| during photosynthesis | plants and some other organisms use energy from the sun to convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and sugars
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| first stage of photosynthesis involves | capturing the energy from sunlight
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| In plants, the first stage of photosynthesis process occurs mostly in | the leaves
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| What are the green organelles inside plant cells | chloroplasts
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| pigments | The green color (which are
colored chemical compounds that absorb light).
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| chlorophyll | main photosynthetic pigment in chloroplasts
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| Chlorophyll functions similar to solar cells | uses the light energy to power in the second stage of photosynthesis.
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| 2nd stage of photosynthesis | cells use the captured energy to produce sugars. For this stage, plants need water (taken up by the roots) and carbon dioxide.
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| stomata | Where The carbon dioxide enters the plant through small openings in the leaves . .
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| chloroplasts | Once in the leaves, where the water and carbon dioxide are taken up into
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| The photosynthetic Equation | Once inside the chloroplasts, water and carbon dioxide undergo a complex series of chemical reactions to produce sugar (a type of carbohydrate) and oxygen.
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| What happens to the sugar produced in photosynthesis? | 1) Plants use the sugar for food. 2) Some sugar is converted to other compounds such as cellulose. 3) Can be stored in plant’s cells for later use.
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| What is respiration? | Respiration is the process by which cells obtain energy from glucose. During respiration, cells break down simple food molecules and release the energy they contain.
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| carbohydrates, including sugars and starches | During photosynthesis, plants capture energy from sunlight and store it in the form of
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| respiration | When cells need this stored energy, they break down the carbohydrates in the process of
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| The first stage of respiration takes place in the | cytoplasm of the organism’s cells.
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| In this (1st stage) of respiration, molecules of glucose are broken down into | smaller molecules
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| Is oxygen involved in the first stage of respiration | No
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| How much energy is released in the 1st phase of respiration? | A small amount
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| The second stage of respiration takes place in the | mitochondria. even smaller molecules.
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| In this 2nd stage of photosynthesis, small molecules are broken down into | even smaller molecules
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| Is oxygen involved in the 2nd stage of photosynthesis? | YES
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| How much energy is released in the 2nd phase of respiration? | A great deal
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| These products diffuse out of the cell. | carbon dioxide and water.
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| Where do plants obtain the sugar they use for respiration? | From photosynthesis
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| Where do animals obtain the sugar they use for respiration? | From the food they consume
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| Some organisms live where there is no oxygen (such as deep in the ocean). These organisms obtain their energy through the process of | fermentation
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| Fermentation provides energy for cells without using | oxygen
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To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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