Science final
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| centripetal acceleration | acceleration of an object towards the center of a curved path
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| centripetal force | a force directed toward the center of a circle for an object moving in a circular motion
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| friction | a force that opposes motion between two touching surfaces
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| law of gravitation | states that any two masses exert a force one each other, which depends on the mass of the two objects and the distance between them
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| momentum | a property that a moving object has because of its mass and velocity
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| Newton's second law of motion | states that a net force acting on an object causes the object to accelerate in the direction of the net force
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| Newton's third law | describes action-reaction pairs; to every force there is an equal and opposite reaction force
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| weight | gravitational force exerted on an object by earth
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| chemical potential energy | energy stored in chemical bonds
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| elastic potential energy | energy stored by things that stretch, twist, or compress
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| gravitational potential energy | energy stored by things attracted to each other by the force of gravity
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| joule | SI unit of energy
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| kinetic energy | energy in the form of motion; depends on the mass and velocity of the object
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| law of conservation of energy | states that energy can never be created or destroyed
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| mechanical energy | sum of potential and kinetic energy in a system
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| potential energy | stored energy due to position; can be converted to kinetic energy when something acts to release it
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| compound machine | combines two or more simple machines
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| efficiency | measure of how much of the work put into a machine is changed into work done by a machine
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| effort force | force exerted on a machine that is used to do work
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| inclined plane | simple machine that consist of a sloping surface, such as a ramp, that reduces the amount of force needed to lift something by increasing the distance over which the force is applied
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| lever | a simple machine made from a bar that is free to pivot around a fixed point
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| machine | a device that makes doing work easier by increasing the force applied to n object, by changing the direction of an applied force, or by increasing the distance over which the force can be applied
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| mechanical advantage | number of times a machine multiplies the effort force applied to it
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| power | amount of work done, or the amount of energy transferred, in a certain amount of time
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| pulley | a simple machine that consists of a grooved wheel with a rope, chain, or cable that runs along a groove, changes the direction of the effort force, and can be fixed of moveable
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| resistance force | force applied by a machine to overcome resistance
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| screw | a simple machine that consists of an inclined plane wrapped in a spiral around a cylindrical post
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| simple machine | machine that does work with only one movement; includes the lever, pulley, wheel and axle, inclined plane, screw, and wedge
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| wedge | a simple machine that consists of an inclined plane with one or two slopping sides
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| wheel and axle | a simple machine that consists of two different-sized wheels that rotate together
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| work | transfer of energy the occurs when a force makes an object move; measured in joules
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| wave | a rhythmic disturbance that transfers energy through matter or space; exists only as long as it has energy to carry
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| medium | any material or combustion that a wave can transfer energy through
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| transverse wave | a type of wave, such as a water wave, where the matter in the medium moves back and forth at right angles to the direction the wave travels
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| compressional wave | a type of wave where the matter moves back and forth in the same direction the wave travels; has compressions and rarefractions
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| crest | highest point of a transverse wave
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| trough | lowest point of a transverse wave
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| refraction | the least dense region of a compressional wave
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| wavelength | distance between one point on a wave and the nearest point just like it on the following wave; as frequency wavelength always decreases
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| frequency | measures how many wavelengths pass a fixed point each second, and is expressed in hertz
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| aplitude | a measure of energy is carried by a wave
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| conduction | transfer of energy through matter by colliding particles;takes place because particles are in constant motion
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| convection | transfer of energy by the motion of heated particles in a fluid
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| radiation | transfer of energy in the form of electromagnetic waves
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| insulators | materials such as fleece or fiberglass that do not allow heat to move easily through them
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| nuclear fusion | process of fusing together two atomic nuclei with low masses to form one nucleus with a larger mass
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| nuclear fission | process of splitting a large atomic nucleus into two nuclei with smaller masses
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| chain reaction | an ongoing series of fission reactions
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| tracer | a radioisotope that is used to find or keep track of molecules in an organism
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| critical mass | amount of fissionable material required so that each fission reaction produces approx. one more fission reaction
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| opaque | a material that absorbs or reflects all light
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| translucent | a material that allows some light to pass through, but not enough to see objects clearly
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| transparent | a material that transmits almost all the light striking it so that objects can be seen clearly through it
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| index of refraction | property of a material indicating how much light slows down when traveling in a material
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| mirage | an image of a distant object that results when air at ground level is much warmer or cooler than the air layers above it, which makes the image refract and appear at a different loction from where it usually is
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| pigment | colored material that absorbs some colors, and reflects
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| Charging by contact | process of transferring charge by touching or rubbing two surfaces
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| charging by induction | process of transferring charge between objects by bringing a charged object by a neutral object
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| circuit | a CLOSED conducting loop through which an electric current can run through
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| conductor | material such as copper wire, through which an excess of electrons can easily move though
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| electrical current | flow of electric charge through a wire or an conductor; mesured in amperes
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| electrical power | the rate at which electrical energy is converted into another form of energy; expressed in watts
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| insulator | material that doesn't allow electrons to move easily through
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| kilowatt-hour | a unit of electrical energy which is, 100 watts of power used in one hour
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| law of conservation of charge | states that charge can be transferred from one object to another, but can't be created or destroyed
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| ohm's law | states that the current in a circuit equals the voltage difference divided by the resistance
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| parallel circuit | a circuit in which electric current has more than one path to follow
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| resistance | tendency for a material to oppose electron flow, and change electrical energy into light
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| series circuit | a circuit in which current only has one path to flow
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| static electricity | electricity generated when two objects rub against each other
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| voltage difference | a push that causes electrical charges to flow through a conductor; measured in volts
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To hide a column, click on the column name.
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You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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Created by:
ChloeMJ
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