This is the vocabulary for the 8th grade Science Final
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Force | A push or pull exerted on an object
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| Friction | The force that two surfaces exert on each other when they rub against each other; the transfer of electrons from one uncharged object to another uncharged object by rubbing.
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| Weight | a measure of the force of gravity acting on an object
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| Speed | The distance an object travels per unit of time
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| Velocity | Speed in a given direction
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| Acceleration | the rate at which velocity changes
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| Sliding Friction | Friction that occurs when one solid surface slides over another
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| Rolling Friction | Friction that occurs when an object rolls over a surface
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| Static Friction | Friction that acts between objects that are not moving
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| Fluid Friction | Friction that occurs as an object moves through a fluid
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| Work | Work = Force * distance
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| Power | Power = work/time
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| Gravitational Potential Energy | Gravitational potential energy is energy an object possesses because of its position in a gravitational field.
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| Kinetic Energy | Energy that object has due to its motion
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| Altitude | Elevation above sea level
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| Weather | The condition of Earth's atmosphere at a particular time and place
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| Atmosphere | The relatively thin layer of gases that form Earth's outermost layer
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| Water vapor | water in the form of a gas
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| Electromagnetic radiation | The energy transferred through space by electromagnetic waves
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| UV rays | Electromagnetic waves with wavelengths that are shorter than visible light but longer than X-rays
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| Infrared Radiation | Electromagnetic waves with wavelengths that are longer than visible light but shorter than microwaves
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| Greenhouse effect | The trapping of heat near a planet's surface by certain gases in the planet's atmosphere
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| Scattering | Reflection of light in all directions
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| Optical Telescope | A telescope that uses lenses or mirrors to collect and focus visible light
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| Nonoptical Telescope | A telescope that collects and focuses different types of electromagnetic radiation
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| Parallax | The apparent change in position of an object when seen from different places
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| Lightyear | The distance that light travels in one year, about 9.5 trillion kilometers
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| Penumbra | The part of a shadow surrounding the darkest part
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| Umbra | The darkest part of a shadow
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| Newton's First Law | Inertia; an object in motion will stay in motion, an object at rest will stay at rest unless acted upon by an outside unbalanced force
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| Newton's Second Law | F=ma; the acceleration of an object as produced by a net force is proportional to the magnitude of the net force and inversely proportional to the mass of the object
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| Newton's Third Law | for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
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| Thermosphere | Top layer of atmosphere; aurora borealis
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| Mesosphere | Second to top layer of atmosphere; Catches meteors
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| Stratosphere | Second to bottom layer of the atmosphere; planes; weather
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| Troposphere | Bottom layer of the atmosphere; we live here
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| Ionosphere | Bottom layer of the Thermosphere
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| Exosphere | Top layer of the Thermosphere.
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| Mercury Barometer | Measures air pressure with a bowl of mercury. Air pressure pushes the mercury down and it rises up a tube with a vacuum at the top.
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| Aneroid Barometer | cylindrical device that measures air pressure and indicates it by moving a needle
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| EM Spectrum | Radio Waves, Microwaves, Infrared Radiation, Visible Light, Ultraviolet Radiation, X-rays, Gamma Rays
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| What causes wind? | a difference in air pressure
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| Classification of stars | Temperature; Composition, Size, Brightness, Color
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| H-R diagram compares.... | Temperature and Brightness
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| Formation of a star | Contracting dust and gas --> Nuclear fission --> Protostar
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| Lifespan of a star | Less mass --> Longer lifespan, and vice versa
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| Death of a low mass star | Star --> Expands to red giant --> outer layers drift away: white dwarf
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| Death of a high mass star | Star --> Supergiant --> explodes to supernova --> can form a neutron star (spinning = pulsar)
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| Spiral Galaxy | Disc shaped; bulge at middle; arms contain dust, gas, stars
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| Elliptical Galaxy | Round; no arms; little gas or dust
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| Irregular | Smaller; young stars; lots of gas and dust; no identifiable shape
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| Big Bang Theory | The universe formed in an instant billions of years ago. It is expanding forever
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| Hubble's Law | Evidence for big bang; Discovered by Edwin Hubble; Farther away galaxies are, the faster they are moving away
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| Cosmic Radiation | Evidence for big bang; discovered by arno penzias and robert wilson; picked up leftover thermal energy from the big bang
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| Reasons for the Seasons | God; tilt of axis; Earth's revolution around the sun; Parts of earth receive more direct sunlight than others
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You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
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Created by:
camtheman256
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